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Read Ebook: Η Ευρώπη κατά τον 19ον αιώνα by Karolides Paulos
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Ebook has 213 lines and 19473 words, and 5 pages
??? ???????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????, ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????????. ????? ? ?????, ???????? ????? ??? ????????, ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ???????????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????????, ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ????? ? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????????????? ?????, ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????. ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????, ????? ???' ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? , ? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ????????, ????????????? ??????? ???? ??? ????????, ???????? ??? ???????.
??? ??? ??????? ??????, ??? ???????????????? ??? ????????????? ?? 1812, ? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??' ????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????.
??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ? ???????? ???? ??? ??????, ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????, ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????????. ????? ? ???????, ? ??????????? ???????, ??? ?? ???? ????????? ?????, ?? ???????? ?????, ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????????, ? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ? ??????? ??? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???????. ? ?? ??? ??? ?????????? ???????, ???????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???????, ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? 500 ???????? ??????.
??? ???? ? ????? ????? ???????, ???? ???' ????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ??????, ????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? 1812 -- 1813 ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????????. ????? ? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ???????. ?? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??? ??? ?????????. ???? ? ???????, ?????????? ??? ??? ???????????, ????? ???? ??? ??????.
? ????????, ?? ?? ??????, ????????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????, ???????????? ???? ??? ?????????. ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???. ???? ?? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? , ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ??????????? ??' ?????. ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????, ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? . ? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????, ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????, ?????????, ???' ????????? ??? ???????? ????????, ?? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ????? ??? ?? ??????????, ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????, ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????.
? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????, ?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? 18??, ???????? ??????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? 18??, ????????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? , ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????????, ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???????.
????????? ?? ????????, ?? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??????? ???????, ? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???????, ?? ???????? ? ?' ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????, ?? ?????? ?????????? ??' ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????, ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????.
???' ??? ???????????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????????, ??? ???????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????, ? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????, ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ????????, ????????? ?????? ???????? ???' ????????????. ?? ???????? ???????????, ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ???, ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????????. ? ???????? ?????????? 18?? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????, ?????????????? ??? ??? ???????? ????. ???' ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ???????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????????, ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????.
&?') ? ???????? ??????? ??? ? ???? ????????.&
? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???, ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????. ? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????, ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????????????????. ?? ???????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????, ?? ????? ???????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????, ???? 1??) ? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ? ??????? ?????????? ???????????, ??? ?????? ? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????. 2??) ? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???, ??? ? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? . 3??) ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????. 4??) ? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????????, ??? ? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???????. 5??) ? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????????. 6??) ? ??? ???????? ????????????? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? .
?????? ? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????. ???' ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????, ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????????, ???????????? ??? ??????? ??????, ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ????????????? ??? ?????? ????????????. ?? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ??? ???? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???????????, ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????????. ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????, ????? ?? ??????, ?? ???????, ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????, ?? ???????? ????? ? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? 1815, ????? ???????????? ? ???? ????????, ????? ??? 1830, ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????.
&?') H ?????? ??? ??? 1815 ??? ??? 1830.&
? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? 1815 ??? ??? 1830 ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????. ??' ????????, ? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ??? ??? ?????????, ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????????.
? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??? ?? ??????????, ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????????. ? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????, ????? ????? ? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ???, ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????, ??? ??? ????????????? ?????? ????????????. ??????? ?? ???' ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????, ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? 1813 ???? ??????????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????????, ????????? ??? ??????, ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ?????, ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ??????. ???' ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????????, ??? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???, ????? ??? ????? ?????????. ???? ? ??????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????, ? ??? ??? ?????????? ???????????, ??? ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????????????? ?????????.
???' ??? ??? ???????, ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ???????, ?? ? ????????, ??? ???? ?? 1815 ????????? ??? ????? ?????, ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????, ?? ??????????, ? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???' ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? . ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????????, ???? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????, ???' ???????? ??????? ??????, ? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????.
???' ??? ??? ????? ??????, ???? ??????? ???' ????? ? ???? ??? ??????????, ? ???? ????????, ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????????????? ?????, ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????: ??? ??????? ?? ????????????, ?? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ????? , ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????????????? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ???????????. ????? ? ???????, ???' ??????? ??? ????? ?????????, ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????????? , ? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? . ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ?? ????? ????????.
???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????, ?? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????????. ? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????????? ????????, ?????? ?? ?? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????????. ???' ? ??????, , ???????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????????, ??? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ????????? ????????, ??????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????????. ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ? ????????? ??????? .
&?') ? ???????? ??????????? ??? 1821.&
?????? ? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????, ????? ? ?????????? ????????? ?' ??? ?????? ?????, ???????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????????? ???????, ? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????. ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ???????. ???' ? ???????????? ??????? ??? ???????, ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???, ? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????????????? ??? ????????????, ??? ???? ??????? ? ???? ??? ???????????, ????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????. ???? ?? ? ?????, , ? ?????? ??? ? ??????, ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? , ????????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????. ? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????? , ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ? ????????? ??????. ? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?' ???????? ??? ??????, ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???????????. ? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????, ????????? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????????. ? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????, ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ?????. ????? ?????????? ?? 1829 ??? ?????, ??? ??? ????????????? ??????? , ??????????? ??? ??? ????????????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????, ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????. ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????. ?? ?? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ??? ????? ????????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????????, ???? ???????? ??? ????????, ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ???????????? ??? ???????. ? ???????????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????, ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ? ???????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????, ?? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ????????????.
&?') ? ?????? ??? ??? 1830 ??? ??? 1848.&
? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? 1830. ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????. ??? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??? 1830 ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?', ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? 1824 ??????? ??? ?????????? ??', ??? ??????, ?? ???????, ?? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? 1814. ? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ??????????? ??????????? ???' ? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????????. ?? ??????? ??? ?????????, ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?????????, ??? ??????? ?????????, ??????????? ????? ???? ????. ???? ?? ???????? ???????????, ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????????, ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????, ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? , ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????, ? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????????, ??? ???????? ??? ????? <>. ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????.
??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ????????????, ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????????.
????????? ??????? ??? 1830 ????? ??? ? ??????????? ? ????????. ? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????. ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????, ?????, ??????? ??? ???????, ????????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????????, ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???. ???' ?? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????????, ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???' ? ???????? ??? ???????, ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????????, ?? ?????????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????, ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????. ? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? 1815 ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????, ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ??? ? ?????? ??????? ?' ????????? ????? ??????, ?? ????????? ??? ????????, ???? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????. ????? ???????? ??? ? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????, ??? ?? ??? 1815 ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???.
???' ??? ???????? ?', ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?', ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ?? ???????, ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????, ??????????? ?? 1830 ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????. ???? ?? ???????? ? ??????? ???????, ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ???????? ????, 1831, ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??????????. ? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????, ??? ??????????, ?? ???????? ?????, ??? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????, ???? ??????? ????????? ???????, ???? ? ??????, ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???.
?? 1830 ??? ??? ??? ????????, ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????????????, ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ????????. ? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? 1824 ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????, ???' ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????, ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ??? ???????. ? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????, ??? ????????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ? ??? ????? ?? ?????????????, ????? ?? 1830 ??? ??? ????????. ???' ? ??????? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????????????, ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????, ???? ???? ??????????.
????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?' ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ????????. ? ?????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ???????, ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????, ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????, ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????????????????. ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?' ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????. ????? ?? ?????? ???????, ? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????????????. ? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????, ??? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? 1833, ??? ??? ?????? ??? ? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???.
???' ? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????, ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?????. ????, ???? ???? ???, ?? 1839, ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ???. ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ? ????????? ???????. ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????-??????. ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????????. ? ??????, ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???, ?? ???????, ? ?????????? ????????, ???????????? ?? ? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????, ???' ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????, ???????, ????? ??? ???????, ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ????????, ??? ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????, ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????, ?? ????? ????. ???? ???????, ??? ?? 1867, ? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? &????-???& .
?? 1830, ???? ????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??????? ?, ?????????? ? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ?????????, ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????. ?????? ? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????????, ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????, ?? 1881, ????????? ???' ?????? ??? ? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????.
????? ????? ?? ???????????? ????????, ??????????? ??? ????????, ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? 1830 ??? ??? 1848. ???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????.
?? 1843 ? ?????, ???? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ??????????, ????? ??' ?????????? ????????????, ??? ??' ??????? ??????????? ???? ????? ???????????, ???????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????. ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? 1862.
&??') ?? ??? 1848 -- 1849.&
? ??????? ??? ???? 1848 ??? 1849 ?????? ???????????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????. ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ???????, ??????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????????. ? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????????, ???? ???? ??????????? ??? 1848 ??????????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????, ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????? . ???' ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????????.
? ????????, ?? ?????????? ??? ??????, ????? ????????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ???????, ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ????????, ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????. ???' ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ???????????, ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? 1848 ??? 1849.
??? ??? ??????? ? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????.
??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????, ??? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????, ? ???????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????????. ????? ? ?????, ? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????, ??? ??? 1847 ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ???, ??? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????????? ??????. ??? ?? ? ????? ????? ? ????????? ???? ?', ????????? ????? ??? ??? 1847. ???' ? ???? ?', ?????? ??? ????????????? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????, ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???, ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????, ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???????????, ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ??? ???????. ?? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ????. ???? ?? ? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????????. ?????, ??? ?????????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????, ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ????. ???' ? ?????????? ????????, ? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????????, ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????, ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ???.
??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?????, ????????? ??? ???????, ??????????? ???? ??? ????????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??????????.
?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??? ?? ??????????? ? ????????? ??? ?????????. ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????, ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???????, ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????, ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ???????. ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ? ??????? ????????. ????? ???????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??????, ??? ??????? ??????, ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????????. ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? . ? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ???????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???. ???' ? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????, ??? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????. ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??? ?????????, ??????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ? ?????????? ??????, ? ???????. ?? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ????????, ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????????, ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ???.
???? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? 1848 ??? ??? ?????????. ?? ??? ????? ????, ? ???????? ??? ? ??????????, ???? ??????????? ???? ?????, ??? ????????? ? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????. ?? 1848 ??????, ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????, ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???????????. ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????????, ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????, ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????, ???????? ??? ???????????? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ? ???????????? ???????. ?? ???????????? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????????, ??? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????? ???????????, ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????. ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????. ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ???, ?? ????????? ??? ?? ??????????. ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????. ????? ? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????, ??? ?????? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?' ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????????. ???' ?????, ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????, ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????????????? ??? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ?????????. ???? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???????????. ???' ?? ?????? ??? ???????, ????????? ??? ??' ????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ??? ?????????, ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ???????????. ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ???????????. ?? ???????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????????, ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ????????. ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ????.
????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????????, ? ?????????? ???????????, ??? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????. ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???' ????????? ????????????? ???????, ??? ?? ?????? ?????, ?????? ????? ???? ?? 1815, ????? ?? 1848 ????????????? ???????????? ?????????. ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ??? ???????, ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??????. ? ??????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??? ???????, ????????? ???????????. ? ??????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ???????, ? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?' ???????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????????, ???????? ?? ????? ? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????, ? ??? ??????????, ????? ????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ???.
???? ?? ???? 1849 ??????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ???????. ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????????, ???? ???? ?????????, ??? ??? ?????????? ?????????????. ??????? ??? ??? 9?? ?. ?. ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????, ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? 16?? ??????, ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????. ???? ??? 17?? ????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????????. ???????????????? ?????? ?? 1849 ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ??????????, ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????. ?? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????????, ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????. ? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????. ????????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????????. ???? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ??? ? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????. ? ?????????? ????????, ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????????????? ???????, ???????? ??? ???????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????????????, ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????. ??? ?????, ??? ???' ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????, ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????.
&?') ? ????????? ???????.&
?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????, ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????, ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????. ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????. ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????, ?? ?? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ?????? ???? ??' ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????. ? ??? ??? 1849 ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????, ????? ??? ??? ?????, ?? ???????, ?????????? ??? ?????, ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????, ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?' ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????. ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????????. ? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????????. ???' ? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????????????? ??????????????, ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????????, ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????, ??? ????? ????? ?????????, ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????.
?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ???????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????, ? ?????? ??????????? ??? ? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????, ?? ????? ???? ??? ????????????, ????? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????. ? ???????, ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ? ?????? -- ?????, ????????????? ?? ??????, ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ? ???????. ? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ????, ??? ??????????????, ??? ?????????, ??? ??? ??????????. ???' ? ???????, ? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????????, ????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????, ? ????? ????????? ???? ?' ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ???. ??? ???????????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ? ???????, ??? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ??? ?????.
???????? ? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????. ???? ?? ???????????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ???????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????, ??? ????? ??? ?????????????, ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????????. ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???, ??? ???? ?????? ?????, ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????????????. ???? ???????????? ??????, ??? ?????? ??????????? ? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? .
? ?????? ???? ???????????? ??? ?????????, ??????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????. ? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????????, ??? ?????? ???? ????? ? ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????, ????? ??? ??? ???????????? ? ?????????, ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ? ?????????? ??? ? ??????????? ??? ?????????, ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? . ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ? ???? ??? ???????? ? ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ????????????????? ????????? ??????.
??? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ? ????? ???? 15 ??? , ????? ? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????. ???' ?? ?? ??????, ? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ? ?????????? ???????? ?' ????????? ????????? ??? ???????, ?????????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?'.
????????????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ? ???????? ?????????? ???' ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????????, ???? ???????? ?? ???????????.
&?') ????????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????.&
?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? 1849 ???????? ???? ??? ???????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????. ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???, ?? ???????, ? ???????, ? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???????, ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????. ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ??????. ??????????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????, ?? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????????.
? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????????, ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????????. ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????. ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????, ??? ? ??????? ???? ??? ??????, ? ????????? ????? ??????????, ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????????, ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ???' ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????????, ???? ??? ????, ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????. ?????, ?? ???????, ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????.
???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? . ????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ????? ? ?????? ???? ??? ??????. ???' ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????, ? ??????? ??? ? ????. ??? ???????? ???????? ???' ?????? ? ?????? ??? ??? ??????????????? ??????? , ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????, ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????????????? ??????? ??? 1870, ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????.
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