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OF THE UNFINISHED CALCUTTA EDITION OF THE ARABIC TEXT OF THE BOOK OF THE THOUSAND NIGHTS AND ONE NIGHT.

Night INTRODUCTION-- a. The Bull and the Ass 1. The Trader and the Jinni i a. The First Old Man's Story ii b. The Second Old Man's Story iv 2. The Fisherman and the Jinni viii a. The Physician Duban xi aa. The Merchant and the Parrot xiv ab. The Prince and the Ogress xv b. The Ensorcelled Youth xxi 3. The Porter and the Three Ladies of Baghdad xxviii a. The First Kalandar's Tale xxxix b. The Second Kalandar's Tale xlii ba. The Envier and the Envied xlvi c. The Third Kalandar's Tale liii d. The Eldest Lady's Tale lxiv 4. The Three Apples lxviii 5. Nur al-Din Ali and his Son Badr al-Din Hassan lxxii 6. Isaac of Mosul's Story of Khadijah and the Caliph Al-Maamun xciv 7. The Hunchback's Tale ci a. The Nazarene Broker's Story cix b. The Cook's Story cxxi c. The Jewish Physician's Story cxxix d. Tale of the Tailor cxxxvi e. The Barber's Tale of Himself cxliii ea. The Barber's Tale of his First Brother cxlv eb. The Barber's Tale of his Second Brother cxlviii ec. The Barber's Tale of his Third Brother cli ed. The Barber's Tale of his Fourth Brother clii ee. The Barber's Tale of his Fifth Brother cliv ef. Story of the Barber's Sixth Brother clviii 8. Ali bin Bakkar and Shams Al-Nahar clxiii 9. Nur al-Din Ali and the Damsel Anis al-Jalis clxxxi 10. Women's Craft cxcv-cc 11. Sindbad the Seaman and Hindbad the Hammal a. The First Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman. b. The Second Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman. c. The Third Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman. d. The Fourth Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman. e. The Fifth Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman. f. The Sixth Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman. g. The Seventh Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman.

TABLE OF OF THE BRESLAU EDITION OF THE ARABIC TEXT OF THE BOOK OF THE THOUSAND NIGHTS AND ONE NIGHT, FROM MR. PAYNE'S VERSION.

TABLE OF OF THE MCNAUGHTEN OR TURNER MACAN TEXT AND BULAK EDITION OF THE ARABIC TEXT OF THE BOOK OF THE THOUSAND NIGHTS AND A NIGHT; AS TRANSLATED BY MR. JOHN PAYNE.

Night INTRODUCTION.--Story of King Shehriyar and his Brother a. Story of the Ox and the Ass 1. The Merchant and the Genie i a. The First Old Man's Story i b. The Second Old Man's Story ii c. The Third Old Man's Story ii 2. The Fisherman and the Genie iii a. Story of the Physician Douban iv aa. Story of King Sindbad and his Falcon v ab. Story of the King's Son and the Ogress v b. Story of the Enchanted Youth vii 3. The Porter and the Three Ladies of Baghdad ix a. The First Calender's Story xi b. The Second Calender's Story xii ba. Story of the Envier and the Envied xiii c. The Third Calender's Story xiv d. The Eldest Lady's Story xvii e. The Story of the Portress xviii 4. The Three Apples xix 5. Noureddin Ali of Cairo and his Son Bedreddin Hassan xx 6. Story of the Hunchback xxv a. The Christian Broker's Story xxv b. The Controller's Story xxvii c. The Jewish Physician's Story xxviii d. The Tailor's Story xxix e. The Barber's Story xxxi ea. Story of the Barber's First Brother xxxi eb. Story of the Barber's Second Brother xxxi ec. Story of the Barber's Third Brother xxxii ed. Story of the Barber's Fourth Brother xxxii ee. Story of the Barber's Fifth Brother xxxii ef. Story of the Barber's Sixth Brother xxxiii 7. Noureddin Ali and the Damsel Enis el Jelis xxxiv 8. Ghanim ben Eyoub the Slave of Love xxxix a. Story of the Eunuch Bekhit xxxix b. Story of the Eunuch Kafour xxxix 9. The History of King Omar ben Ennuman and his Sons Sherkan and Zoulmekan xlv a. Story of Taj el Mulouk and the Princess Dunya cvii aa. Story of Aziz and Azizeh cvii b. Bakoun's Story of the Hashish-Eater cxliii c. Hemmad the Bedouin's Story cxliv 10. The Birds and Beasts and the Son of Adam cxlvi 11. The Hermits cxlviii 12. The Waterfowl and the Tortoise cxlviii 13. The Wolf and the Fox cxlviii a. The Hawk and the Partridge cxlix 14. The Mouse and the Weasel cl 15. The Cat and the Crow cl 16. The Fox and the Crow cl a. The Mouse and the Flea cli b. The Falcon and the Birds clii c. The Sparrow and the Eagle clii 17. The Hedgehog and the Pigeons clii a. The Merchant and the Two Sharpers clii 18. The Thief and his Monkey clii a. The Foolish Weaver clii 19. The Sparrow and the Peacock clii 20. Ali ben Bekkar and Shemsennehar cliii 21. Kemerezzeman and Budour clxx a. Nimeh ben er Rebya and Num his Slave-girl ccxxxvii 22. Alaeddin Abou esh Shamat ccl 23. Hatim et Ta?; his Generosity after Death cclxx 24. Maan ben Za?deh and the three Girls cclxxi 25. Maan ben Za?deh and the Bedouin cclxxi 26. The City of Lebtait cclxxii 27. The Khalif Hisham and the Arab Youth cclxxii 28. Ibrahim ben el Mehdi and the Barber-surgeon cclxxiii 29. The City of Irem cclxxvi 30. Isaac of Mosul's Story of Khedijeh and the Khalif Mamoun cclxxix 31. The Scavenger and the Noble Lady of Baghdad cclxxxii 32. The Mock Khalif cclxxxvi 33. Ali the Persian and the Kurd Sharper ccxciv 34. The Imam Abou Yousuf with Haroun er Reshid and his Vizier Jaafer ccxcvi 35. The Lover who feigned himself a Thief to save his Mistress's Honour ccxcvii 36. Jaafer the Barmecide and the Bean-Seller ccxcix 37. Abou Mohammed the Lazy ccc 38. Yehya ben Khalid and Mensour cccv 39. Yehya ben Khalid and the Man who forged a Letter in his Name cccvi 40. The Khalif El Mamoun and the Strange Doctor cccvii 41. Ali Shar and Zumurrud cccviii 42. The Loves of Jubeir ben Umeir and the Lady Budour cccxxvii 43. The Man of Yemen and his six Slave-girls cccxxxiv 44. Haroun er Reshid with the Damsel and Abou Nuwas cccxxxviii 45. The Man who stole the Dog's Dish of Gold cccxl 46. The Sharper of Alexandria and the Master of Police cccxli 47. El Melik en Nasir and the three Masters of Police cccxliii a. Story of the Chief of the New Cairo Police cccxliii b. Story of the Chief of the Boulac Police cccxliv c. Story of the Chief of the Old Cairo Police cccxliv 48. The Thief and the Money-Changer cccxliv 49. The Chief of the Cous Police and the Sharper cccxlv 50. Ibrahim ben el Mehdi and the Merchant's Sister cccxlvi 51. The Woman whose Hands were cut off for Almsgiving cccxlviii 52. The Devout Israelite cccxlviii 53. Abou Hassan ez Ziyadi and the Man from Khorassan cccxlix 54. The Poor Man and his Generous Friend cccli 55. The Ruined Man who became Rich again through a Dream cccli 56. El Mutawekkil and his Favourite Mehboubeh cccli 57. Werdan the Butcher's Adventure with the Lady and the Bear cccliii 58. The King's Daughter and the Ape ccclv 59. The Enchanted Horse ccclvii 60. Uns el Wujoud and the Vizier's Daughter Rose-in-bud ccclxxi 61. Abou Nuwas with the three Boys and the Khalif Haroun er Reshid ccclxxxi 62. Abdallah ben Maamer with the Man of Bassora and his Slave-girl ccclxxxiii 63. The Lovers of the Benou Udhreh ccclxxxiii 64. The Vizier of Yemen and his young Brother ccclxxxiv 65. The Loves of the Boy and Girl at School ccclxxxv 66. El Mutelemmis and his Wife Umeimeh ccclxxxv 67. Haroun er Reshid and Zubeideh in the Bath ccclxxxv 68. Haroun er Reshid and the three Poets ccclxxxvi 69. Musab ben er Zubeir and Aaisheh his Wife ccclxxxvi 70. Aboulaswed and his squinting Slave-girl ccclxxxvii 71. Haroun er Reshid and the two Girls ccclxxxvii 72. Haroun er Reshid and the three Girls ccclxxxvii 73. The Miller and his Wife ccclxxxvii 74. The Simpleton and the Sharper ccclxxxviii 75. The Imam Abou Yousuf with Haroun er Reshid and Zubeideh ccclxxxviii 76. The Khalif El Hakim and the Merchant ccclxxxix 77. King Kisra Anoushirwan and the Village Damsel ccclxxxix 78. The Water-Carrier and the Goldsmith's Wife cccxc 79. Khusrau and Shirin and the Fisherman cccxci 80. Yehya ben Khalid and the Poor Man cccxci 81. Mohammed el Amin and Jaafer ben el Hadi cccxcii 82. Said ben Salim and the Barmecides cccxcii 83. The Woman's Trick against her Husband cccxciii 84. The Devout Woman and the two Wicked Elders cccxciv 85. Jaafer the Barmecide and the Old Bedouin cccxcv 86. Omar ben el Khettab and the Young Bedouin cccxcv 87. El Mamoun and the Pyramids of Egypt cccxcviii 88. The Thief turned Merchant and the other Thief cccxcviii 89. Mesrour and Ibn el Caribi cccxcix 90. The Devout Prince cccci 91. The Schoolmaster who Fell in Love by Report cccii 92. The Foolish Schoolmaster cccciii 93. The Ignorant Man who set up for a Schoolmaster cccciii 94. The King and the Virtuous Wife cccciv 95. Abdurrehman the Moor's Story of the Roc cccciv 96. Adi ben Zeid and the Princess Hind ccccv 97. Dibil el Khuzai with the Lady and Muslim ben el Welid ccccvii 98. Isaac of Mosul and the Merchant ccccvii 99. The Three Unfortunate Lovers ccccix 100. The Lovers of the Benou Tai ccccx 101. The Mad Lover ccccxi 102. The Apples of Paradise ccccxii 103. The Loves of Abou Isa and Curret el Ain ccccxiv 104. El Amin and his Uncle Ibrahim ben el Mehdi ccccxviii 105. El Feth ben Khacan and El Mutawekkil ccccxix 106. The Man's Dispute with the Learned Woman of the relative Excellence of the Sexes ccccxix 107. Abou Suweid and the Handsome Old Woman ccccxxiii 108. Ali ben Tahir and the Girl Mounis ccccxxiv 109. The Woman who had a Boy and the other who had a Man to Lover ccccxxiv 110. The Haunted House in Baghdad ccccxxiv 111. The Pilgrim and the Old Woman who dwelt in the Desert ccccxxxiv 112. Aboulhusn and his Slave-girl Taweddud ccccxxxvi 113. The Angel of Death with the Proud King and the Devout Man cccclxii 114. The Angel of Death and the Rich King cccclxii 115. The Angel of Death and the King of the Children of Israel cccclxiii 116. Iskender Dhoulkernein and a certain Tribe of Poor Folk cccclxiv 117. The Righteousness of King Anoushirwan cccclxiv 118. The Jewish Cadi and his Pious Wife cccclxv 119. The Shipwrecked Woman and her Child cccclxvi 120. The Pious Black Slave cccclxvii 121. The Devout Platter-maker and his Wife cccclxviii 122. El Hejjaj ben Yousuf and the Pious Man cccclxx 123. The Blacksmith who could Handle Fire without Hurt cccclxxi 124. The Saint to whom God gave a Cloud to serve Him and the Devout King cccclxxiii 125. The Muslim Champion and the Christian Lady cccclxxiv 126. Ibrahim ben el Khawwas and the Christian King's Daughter cccclxxvii 127. The Justice of Providence cccclxxviii 128. The Ferryman of the Nile and the Hermit cccclxxix 129. The King of the Island cccclxxix 130. Abulhusn ed Durraj and Abou Jaafer the Leper cccclxxxi 131. The Queen of the Serpents cccclxxxii a. The Adventures of Beloukiya cccclxxxvi b. The Story of Janshah ccccxcix 132. Sindbad the Sailor and Sindbad the Porter dxxxvi a. The First Voyage of Sindbad the Sailor dxxxviii b. The Second Voyage of Sindbad the Sailor dxliii c. The Third Voyage of Sindbad the Sailor dxlvi d. The Fourth Voyage of Sindbad the Sailor dl e. The Fifth Voyage of Sindbad the Sailor dlvi f. The Sixth Voyage of Sindbad the Sailor dlix g. The Seventh Voyage of Sindbad the Sailor dlxiii 133. The City of Brass dlxvi 134. The Malice of Women dlxxviii a. The King and his Vizier's Wife dlxxviii b. The Merchant's Wife and the Parrot dlxxix c. The Fuller and his Son dlxxix d. The Lover's Trick against the Chaste Wife dlxxx e. The Niggard and the Loaves of Bread dlxxx f. The Lady and her Two Lovers dlxxxi g. The King's Son and the Ogress dlxxxi h. The Drop of Honey dlxxxii i. The Woman who made her Husband sift Dust dlxxxii j. The Enchanted Springs dlxxxii k. The Vizier's Son and the Bathkeeper's Wife dlxxxiv l. The Wife's Device to Cheat her Husband dlxxxiv m. The Goldsmith and the Cashmere Singing-girl dlxxxvi n. The Man who never Laughed again dlxxxvii o. The King's Son and the Merchant's Wife dxci p. The Page who feigned to know the Speech of Birds dxcii q. The Lady and her five Suitors dxciii r. The Man who saw the Night of Power dxcvi s. The Stolen Necklace dxcvi t. The two Pigeons dxcvii u. Prince Behram of Persia and the Princess Ed Detma dxcvii v. The House with the Belvedere dxcviii w. The King's Son and the Afrit's Mistress dcii x. The Sandal-wood Merchant and the Sharpers dciii y. The Debauchee and the Three-year-old Child dcv z. The Stolen Purse dcv 135. Jouder and his Brothers dcvi 136. The History of Gherib and his Brother Agib dcxxiv 137. Otbeh and Reyya dclxxx 138. Hind Daughter of En Numan and El Hejjaj dclxxxi 139. Khuzeimeh ben Bishr and Ikrimeh el Feyyaz dclxxxii 140. Younus the Scribe and the Khalif Welid ben Sehl dclxxxiv 141. Haroun er Reshid and the Arab Girl dclxxxv 142. El Asmai and the three Girls of Bassora dclxxxvi 143. Ibrahim of Mosul and the Devil dclxxxvii 144. The Lovers of the Benou Udhreh dclxxxviii 145. The Bedouin and his Wife dcxci 146. The Lovers of Bassora dcxciii 147. Isaac of Mosul and his Mistress and the Devil dcxcv 148. The Lovers of Medina dcxcvi 149. El Melik en Nasir and his Vizier dcxcvii 150. The Rogueries of Delileh the Crafty and her Daughter Zeyneb the Trickstress dcxcviii 151. The Adventures of Quicksilver Ali of Cairo: a Sequel to the Rogueries of Delileh the Crafty dccviii 152. Ardeshir and Heyat en Nufous dccxix 153. Julnar of the Sea and her Son King Bedr Basim of Persia dccxxxviii 154. King Mohammed ben Sebaik and the Merchant Hassan dcclvi a. Story of Prince Seif el Mulouk and the Princess Bediya el Jemal dcclviii 155. Hassan of Bassora and the King's Daughter of the Jinn dcclxxviii 156. Khelifeh the Fisherman of Baghdad dcccxxxii 157. Mesrour and Zein el Mewasif dcccxlv 158. Ali Noureddin and the Frank King's Daughter dccclxiii 159. The Man of Upper Egypt and his Frank Wife dcccxciv 160. The Ruined Man of Baghdad and his Slave girl dcccxcvi 161. King Jelyaad of Hind and his Vizier Shimas: whereafter ensueth the History of King Wird Khan son of King Jelyaad and his Women and Viziers dcccxcix a. The Cat and the Mouse dcccc b. The Fakir and his Pot of Butter dccccii c. The Fishes and the Crab dcccciii d. The Crow and the Serpent dcccciii e. The Fox and the Wild Ass dcccciv f. The Unjust King and the Pilgrim Prince dccccv g. The Crows and the Hawk dccccvi h. The Serpent-Charmer and his Wife dccccvii i. The Spider and the Wind dccccviii j. The Two Kings dccccix k. The Blind Man and the Cripple dccccx l. The Foolish Fisherman dccccxviii m. The Boy and the Thieves dccccxviii n. The Man and his Wilful Wife dccccxix o. The Merchant and the Thieves dccccxx p. The Foxes and the Wolf dccccxxi q. The Shepherd and the Thief dccccxxi r. The Heathcock and the Tortoises dccccxxiv 162. Aboukir the Dyer and Abousir the Barber dccccxxx 163. Abdallah the Fisherman and Abdallah the Merman dccccxl 164. The Merchant of Oman dccccxlvi 165. Ibrahim and Jemileh dcccclii 166. Aboulhusn of Khorassan dcccclix 167. Kemerezzeman and the Jeweller's Wife dcccclxiii 168. Abdallah ben Fazil and his Brothers dcccclxxviii 169. Marouf the Cobbler and his Wife Fatimeh dcccclxxxix-mi Conclusion.

COMPARISON OF THE SAME WITH MR. LANE'S AND MY VERSION.

Introduction and

For full details, see contents pages of each of the respective Volumes.

Appendix II

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE THOUSAND AND ONE NIGHTS, AND THEIR IMITATIONS, WITH A TABLE SHOWING THE OF THE PRINCIPAL EDITIONS IND TRANSLATIONS OF THE NIGHTS.

The European editions of the Thousand and One Nights, even excluding the hundreds of popular editions which have nothing specially noticeable about them, are very numerous; and the following Notes must, I am fully aware, be incomplete, though they will, perhaps, be found useful to persons interested in the subject. Although I believe that editions of most of the English, French, and German versions of any importance have passed through my hands, I have not had an opportunity of comparing many in other languages, some of which at least may be independent editions, not derived from Galland. The imitations and adaptations of The Nights are, perhaps, more numerous than the editions of The Nights themselves, if we exclude mere reprints of Galland; and many of them are even more difficult of access.

In the following Notes, I have sometimes referred to tales by their numbers in the Table.

Galland's Ms. and Translation.

The first MS. of The Nights known in Europe was brought to Paris by Galland at the close of the 17th century; and his translation was published in Paris, in twelve small volumes, under the title of "Les Mille et une Nuit: Contes Arabes, traduits en Francois par M. Galland." These volumes appeared at intervals between 1704 and 1717. Galland himself died in 1715, and it is uncertain how far he was responsible for the latter part of the work. Only the first six of the twelve vols. are divided into Nights, vol. 6 completing the story of Camaralzaman, and ending with Night 234. The Voyages of Sindbad are not found in Galland's MS., though he has intercalated them as Nights 69-90 between Nos. 3 and 4. It should be mentioned, however, that in some texts No. 133 is placed much earlier in the series than in others.

The stories in Galland's last six vols. may be divided into two classes, viz., those known to occur in genuine texts of The Nights, and those which do not. To the first category belong Nos. 7, 8, 59, 153 and 170; and some even of these are not found in Galland's own MS., but were derived by him from other sources. The remaining tales do not really belong to The Nights; and, strange to say, although they are certainly genuine Oriental tales, the actual originals have never been found. I am inclined to think that Galland may, perhaps, have written and adapted them from his recollection of stories which he himself heard related during his own residence in the East, especially as most of these tales appear to be derived rather from Persian or Turkish than from Arabian sources.

The following Preface appeared in vol. 9 which I translate from Talander's German edition, as the original is not before me:

"The two stories with which the eighth volume concludes do not properly belong to the Thousand and One Nights. They were added and printed without the previous knowledge of the translator, who had not the slightest idea of the trick that had been played upon him until the eighth volume was actually on sale. The reader must not, therefore, be surprised that the story of the Sleeper Awakened, which commences vol. 9, is written as if Scheherazade had related it immediately after the story of Ganem, which forms the greater part of vol. 8. Care will be taken to omit these two stories in a new edition, as not belonging to the work."

It is, perhaps, not to be wondered at that when the new edition was actually published, subsequently to Galland's death, the condemned stories were retained, and the preface withdrawn; though No. 170 still reads as if it followed No. 8.

The information I have been able to collect respecting the disputed tales is very slight. I once saw a MS. advertised in an auction catalogue as containing two of Galland's doubtful tales, but which they were was not stated. The fourth and last volume of the MS. used by Galland is lost; but it is almost certain that it did not contain any of these tales .

The story of Zeyn Alasnam is derived from the same source as that of the Fourth Durwesh, in the well-known Hindustani reading-book, the Bagh o Bahar. If it is based upon this, Galland has greatly altered and improved it, and has given it the whole colouring of a European moral fairy tale.

The story of Ali Baba is, I have been told, a Chinese tale. It occurs under the title of the Two Brothers and the Forty-nine Dragons in Geldart's Modern Greek Tales. It has also been stated that the late Prof. Palmer met with a very similar story among the Arabs of Sinai .

The story of Sidi Nouman may have been based partly upon the Third Shaykh's Story , which Galland omits. The feast of the Ghools is, I believe, Greek or Turkish, rather than Arabic, in character, as vampires, personified plague, and similar horrors are much commoner in the folk-lore of the former peoples.

Many incidents of the doubtful, as well as of the genuine tales, are common in European folk-lore , and some of the doubtful tales have their analogues in Scott's MS., as will be noticed in due course.

I have not seen Galland's original edition in 12 vols.; but the Stadt-Bibliothek of Frankfort-on-Main contains a copy, published at La Haye, in 12 vols. , made up of two or more editions, as follows:--

Vol. i. 1729; vols. ii. iii. iv. 1729; vols. v. vi. viii. 1728; vol. vii. 1731; vols. ix. to xi, 1730; and vol. xii. 1731.

The discrepancies in the dates of the various volumes look as if separate volumes were reprinted as required, independently of the others. This might account for vols. v. vi. and viii. of the fifth edition having been apparently reprinted before vols. ii. iii. and iv.

The oldest French version in the British Museum consists of the first eight vols., published at La Haye, and likewise made up of different editions, as follows:--

i. 1714; ii. iii. iv. 1714; v. vi. 1728; vii. 1719; viii. 1714.

Most French editions contain Galland's Dedication, "? Madame la Marquise d'O., Dame du Palais de Madame la Duchesse de Bourgogne," followed by an "Avertissement." In addition to these, the La Haye copies have Fontenelle's Approbation prefixed to several volumes, but in slightly different words, and bearing different dates. December 27th, 1703 ; April 14th, 1704 ; and October 4th, 1705 . This is according to the British Museum copy; I did not examine the Frankfort copy with reference to the Approbation. The Approbation is translated in full in the old English version as follows: "I have read, by Order of my Lord Chancellor, this Manuscript, wherein I find nothing that ought to hinder its being Printed. And I am of opinion that the Publick will be very well pleased with the Perusal of these Oriental Stories. Paris, 27th December, 1705 FONTENELLE."

In the Paris edition of 1726 , Galland says in his Dedication, "Il a fallu le faire venir de Syrie, et mettre en Fran?ois, le premier volume que voici, de quatre seulement qui m'ont ?t? envoyez." So, also, in a Paris edition of 1832; but in the La Haye issue of 1714, we read not "quatre" but "six" volumes. The old German edition of Talander does not contain Galland's Dedication or Avertissement.

The earliest French editions were generally in 12 vols., or six; I possess a copy of a six-volume edition, published at Paris in 1726. It may be the second, as the title-page designates it as "nouvelle edition, corrig?e."

Galland's work was speedily translated into various European languages, and even now forms the original of all the numerous popular editions. The earliest English editions were in six volumes, corresponding to the first six of Galland, and ending with the story of Camaralzaman; nor was it till nearly the end of the 18th century that the remaining half of the work was translated into English. The date of appearance of the first edition is unknown to bibliographers; Lowndes quotes an edition of 1724 as the oldest; but the British Museum contains a set of six vols., made up of portions of the second, third and fourth editions, as follows:--

Vols. i. ii. 1713; vols. iii. iv. 1712; and vols. v. vi. 1715.

Here likewise the separate volumes seem to have been reprinted independently of each other; and it is not unlikely that the English translation may have closely followed the French publication, being issued volume by volume, as the French appeared, as far as vol. vi. The title-page of this old edition is very quaint:

"Arabian Nights Entertainments, consisting of One thousand and one Stories, told by the Sultaness of the Indies to divert the Sultan from the Execution of a Bloody Vow he had made, to marry a Lady every day, and have her head cut off next Morning, to avenge himself for the Disloyalty of the first Sultaness, also containing a better account of the Customs, Manners and Religion of the Eastern Nations, viz., Tartars, Persians and Indians, than is to be met with in any Author hitherto published. Translated into French from the Arabian MSS. by Mr. Galland of the Royal Academy, and now done into English. Printed for Andrew Bell at the Cross Keys and Bible, in Cornhill."

The British Museum has an edition in 4to published in 1772, in farthing numbers, every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. It extends to 79 numbers, forming five volumes.

The various editions of the Old English version appear to be rare, and the set in the British Museum is very poor. The oldest edition which I have seen containing the latter half of Galland's version is called the 14th edition, and was published in London in four volumes, in 1778. Curiously enough, the "13th edition," also containing the conclusion, was published at Edinburgh in three volumes in 1780. Perhaps it is a reprint of a London edition published before that of 1778. The Scotch appear to have been fond of The Nights, as there are many Scotch editions both of The Nights and the imitations.

Revised or annotated editions by Piguenit and Gough may deserve a passing notice.

A new translation of Galland, by Rev. E. Forster, in five vols. 4to, with engravings from pictures by Robert Smirke, R.A., appeared in 1802, and now commands a higher price than any other edition of Galland. A new edition in 8vo appeared in 1810. Most of the recent popular English versions are based either upon Forster's or Scott's.

Another translation from Galland, by G. S. Beaumont , appeared in 1811.

Among the various popular editions of later date we may mention an edition in two vols., 8vo, published at Liverpool , and containing Cazotte's Continuation; an edition published by Griffin and Co., in 1866, to which Beckford's "Vathek" is appended; an edition "arranged for the perusal of youthful readers," by the Hon. Mrs. Sugden ; and "Five Favourite Tales from The Arabian Nights in words of one syllable, by A. & E. Warner" .

Some of the English editions of Galland aim at originality by arranging the tales in a different order. The cheap edition published by Dicks in 1868 is one instance.

An English version of Galland was published at Lucknow, in four vols., 8vo, in 1880.

I should, perhaps, mention that I have not noticed De Sacy's "Mille et une Nuit," because it is simply a new edition of Galland; and I have not seen either Destain's French edition , nor Cardonne's Continuation . As Cardonne died in 1784, his Continuation, if genuine, would be the earliest of all.

The oldest German version, by Talander, seems to have appeared in volumes, as the French was issued; and these volumes were certainly reprinted when required, without indication of separate editions, but in slightly varied style, and with alteration of date. The old German version is said to be rarer than the French. It is in twelve parts--some, however, being double. The set before me is clearly made up of different reprints, and the first title-page is as follows: "Die Tausend und eine Nacht, worinnen seltzame Arabische Historien und wunderbare Begebenheiten, benebst artigen Liebes-Intriguen, auch Sitten und Gewohnheiten der Morgenl?nder, auf sehr anmuthige Weise, erzehlet werden; Erstlich vom Hru. Galland, der K?nigl. Academie Mitgliede aus der Arabischen Sprache in die Franz?sische und aus selbiger anitzo ins Deutsche ?bersetzt: Erster und Anderer Theil. Mit der Vorrede Herru Talanders. Leipzig Verlegts Moritz Georg Weidmann Sr. Konigl. Maj. in Hohlen und Churf?rstl. Durchl. zu Sachsen Buchh?ndler, Anno 1730." Talander's Preface relates chiefly to the importance of the work as illustrative of Arabian manners and customs, &c. It is dated from "Liegnitz, den 7 Sept., Anno 1710," which fixes the approximate date of publication of the first part of this translation. Vols. i. and ii. of my set are dated 1730, and have Talander's preface; vols. iii. and iv. are dated 1719; vols. v. and vi. are dated 1737; vol. vii. is dated 1721; vol. viii is dated 1729; vols. ix. and x. are dated 1731; and vols. xi. and xii. are dated 1732.

Galland's notes are translated, but not his preface and dedication.

There is a later German translation by J. H. Voss, the author of the standard German translation of Homer.

The British Museum has just acquired a Portuguese translation of Galland, in 4 volumes: "As Mil e uma Noites, Contos Arabes," published by Ernesto Chardron, Editor, Porto e Braga, 1881.

There are two editions of a modern Greek work in the British Museum , published at Venice in three small volumes. The first volume contains Galland and vols. ii. and iii. chiefly contain the Thousand and One Days. It is, apparently, translated from some Italian work.

Several editions in Italian have appeared at Naples and Milan; they are said by Sir R. F. Burton to be mere reprints of Galland.

There are, also, several in Dutch, one of which, by C. Van der Post, in 3 vols. 8vo, published at Utrecht in 1848, purports, I believe, to be a translation from the Arabic, and has been reprinted several times. The Dutch editions are usually entitled, "Arabische Vertellinge." A Danish edition appeared at Copenhagen in 1818, under the title of "Prindsesses Schehezerade. Fort?llinger eller de saakatle Tusende og een Nat. Udgivna paa Dansk vid Heelegaan." Another, by Rasmassen, was commenced in 1824; and a third Danish work, probably founded on the Thousand and One Nights, and published in 1816, bears the title, "Digt og Eventyr fra Osterland, af arabiska og persischen utrykta kilder."

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