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Read Ebook: The Compleat Surgeon or the whole Art of Surgery explain'd in a most familiar Method. by Le Clerc M Charles Gabriel
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Ebook has 442 lines and 96212 words, and 9 pages
No, some have them streight, others transverse, and others oblique or circular, according to the several Motions to which they are appropriated.
It is done by Contraction and Extension; the former causeth the Antagonist to swell, and the other compels it to stretch forth in length.
It is the continuity of the Fibres of a Tendon which makes a Connexion that serves to strengthen the Muscle in its Motion.
The Head is mov'd by the means of fourteen Muscles, seven on each side; of these, two serve to depress it, eight to lift it up, and four to turn it round about.
The Lower-Jaw hath twelve Muscles which cause it to move; that is to say, six on each side, whereof four serve to close and two to open it.
The Nose hath seven Muscles, that is to say, one common and six proper; the common constitutes part of the orbicular Muscle of the Lips, and draws the Nose downward with the Lip. Of the six proper Muscles of the Nose, four serve to dilate it, being situated on the outside, and two to contract it, which are placed in the inside.
The Tongue, altho' all over Musculous and Fibrous, yet doth not cease to have its peculiar Muscles, which are eight in Number.
The use of the Muscles of the lower Belly is to compress all the contain'd parts, in order to assist them in expelling the Excrements.
The Thumb is mov'd by five particular Muscles; one whereof serves to bend it, two to extend it, one to remove it from the Fingers, and another to draw it to them.
The Foot performs two Motions by the help of nine Muscles, as being bent by two, and extended by seven.
They are chiefly design'd for the Senses, and also for the Motion of their Organs, of which the Ancients discover'd only seven.
The Sixth is likewise for the Taste, and goes to the Palate.
The Arteries are long and round Canals, consisting of four sorts of Tunicks or Membranes, which have their Rise from the left Ventricle of the Heart, from whence they receive the Blood, and convey it to all the Parts of the Body for their Nourishment.
The second sticking close to the former, is altogether full of whitish Glandules, that serve to separate the serous Particles of the Blood.
The third is intirely Musculous, and interwoven with Annular Fibres.
The fourth is very thin, and hath its Fibres all streight.
The Veins are long and round Canals made of four kinds of Tunicks or Membranes, whose Office it is to receive the Blood that remains after the Nourishment is taken, and to carry it back to the Heart to be reviv'd.
The Number of the Veins exceeds that of the Arteries; and there are scarce any Arteries without Veins accompanying them.
It is a Cavity of the Body that contains the nourishing parts, as the Reins, the Bladder, and all those that are appropriated to Generation in both Sexes.
Its different Regions, and the several parts therein contain'd.
Because the thin are smaller, being appointed only to transport the Chyle out of the Stomach into the Reserver; whereas the thick are more large and stronger, serving to carry forth the gross Excrements out of the Belly.
It is a Cavity in which the Heart and the Lungs are principally enclos'd.
Its extent, and the situation of the Parts therein contain'd.
It prevents the drying of the Heart by its perpetual Motion.
It is a bony Part, that contains and encloseth the Brain within its Cavity.
It is a Membrane that lies under the thick hairy Skin of the Head, and immediately covers the Skull.
They are two Membranes that enclose the Substance or Marrow of the Brain.
It is a kind of thick Seam or Stitch, that serves to unite the Bones of the Skull.
The Coronal appears in form of a Crown, passing to the middle of the Head, and descending thro' the Temples, to finish its Circumference in the Root of the Nose.
They are plac'd at the two sides of the Head, and make a Semi-Circle of the bigness of the Ears, round the same Ears.
The true Sutures are made in form of the Teeth of a Saw, which enter one into the other; and the false or Bastard ones are those that resemble the Scales of Fishes, which are join'd together by passing one over the other.
The Ventricles or Cavities which are found therein, together with the great Number of Veins, Arteries, Lymphatic Vessels, and Nerves, that carry Sense to all the Parts of the Body, and Spirits for their Motion.
As for the Veins that accompany these Arteries, they almost all go out of the Skull thro' the same Holes where the other enters.
It is done by sawing it asunder round about and above the Ears; then it is taken off, after having before cut off the Hair, and made a Crucial Incision in the Skin from the fore-part to the hinder, and from one Ear to the other; as also after having pull'd off and laid down the four Corners to the bottom.
It is done by cutting it Superficially, and by Leaves, in order to discover by little and little the Ventricles, Vessels, and Nerves, with their Original Sources, &c. Or else it is taken entire out of the Skull, and laid down; so that without cutting any thing, all the parts of the Brain may be set in their proper places, to find out those that are sought for.
TREATISE
It is a kind of Band commonly made use of for the Extension of the Members in the reducing of Fractures and Luxations; or else in binding Patients, when it is necessary to confine them, for the more secure performing of some painful Operation: These sorts of Ligatures have different Names, according to their several Uses, and often bear that of their Inventer.
They may be of divers sorts, but are usually made of Silk, Wooll, or Leather.
It is a long and broad Band, that serves to wrap up and contain the Parts with the Surgeons Dressings or Preparatives.
It must be clean, and half worn out, not having any manner of Hem or Lift.
There are innumerable, but the greater part them take their Denominations from their Figure or Shape; as the Long, Streight, Triangular, and those which have many Heads, or are trimm'd.
It is the Application of a Swathing-Band to any Part.
Care must be taken to make them even, soft, and proportionable to the bigness of the Part affected; to trimm them most in the uneven places, that the Bands may be better roll'd over them, and to keep them continually moisten'd with some Liquor proper for the Disease as well as the Bands.
TREATISE
A Tumour is a rising or bloated Swelling rais'd in some part of the Body by a Setling of Humours.
It is that which raiseth the Tumour all at once, or in a very little space of time, by the Fluidity of the Matter.
It is that which produceth the Tumour by little and little, and almost insensibly, by reason of the slow Progress and thickness of the Matter.
They that proceed from Congestion, because their thick and gross Matter always renders 'em obstinate, and difficult to be cur'd.
They are those that are made of the four Humours contain'd in the Mass of the Blood, or else of many at once intermixt together.
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