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Read Ebook: A Course of Mechanical Magnetical Optical Hydrostatical and Pneumatical Experiments perform'd by Francis Hauksbee and the Explanatory Lectures read by William Whiston M.A. by Hauksbee Francis Whiston William
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Ebook has 99 lines and 22891 words, and 2 pages
MECHANICKS. 3
An Explication of the Third PLATE.
MECHANICKS. 4
An Explication of the Fourth PLATE.
Figure 1. Is a System of Pulleys connected together, whereby the Force is increased by Addition in Proportion to the Number of Cords; so that one Pound, w 1, sustains five Pounds, w 5, as must happen from the Equality of the stretching of the whole Cord, and the consequent Division of the whole Weight into five equal Parts, as equally supported by them all.
MECHANICKS. 5
An Explication of the Fifth PLATE.
Figure 1. Is a Compound Engine in which all the several Mechanical Powers are combin'd: as the Wheel and Axle G H: The Balance or Lever I K: the Screw F; which includes the Wedge: and the Pulley L M. The entire Force of this Engine is to be computed by compounding the separate Forces together.
MECHANICKS. 6
An Explication of the Sixth PLATE.
Figure 1. Is an Instrument to shew the various Parabola's that are made by Projectils, and particularly the Truth of the several Rules in the Art of Gunnery. Wherein A B is a Tunnel full of Quicksilver, D K is a Glass Tube, let into a Groove or Frame of Wood for its Support, and at K is a fine Stem, accommodated to the Arch of a Quadrant L M, and turning upon its Center, to direct the projected Quicksilver to any Angle; while the Tube's perpendicular Altitude, or the Force that produces the Projection, is either the same, or altered by a different Inclination at Pleasure, according to the Nature of the several Experiments.
An Explication of the First PLATE.
Figure 1. Represents the Foundation of Vision, and of all Opticks whatsoever, by exhibiting to the Eye a Specimen how the Rays of Light do as well originally, as after Reflection or Refraction, spread themselves in right Lines from each Point in every visible Object, as P, to each other Point, as R, R, R, R, R, every way, to be receiv'd by the Eye in any direct Position whatsoever.
OPTICKS. 8
An Explication of the Second PLATE.
Figure 1. Shews that an Object, as K, seen through a plain Glass, whose Sides A B, C D, are parallel, by the Eye at G, appears out of its true Place; and this so much the more as the Glass is thicker: While at the same time the two Surfaces do exactly balance each other's Refraction, and make the two Rays H K, G F exactly parallel.
OPTICKS. 9
An Explication of the Third PLATE.
OPTICKS. 10
An Explication of the Fourth PLATE.
OPTICKS. 11
An Explication of the Fifth PLATE.
An Explication of the First PLATE.
Figure 1. Is a Balance, to weigh Water in its own Element, and in the Air; and to prove that its Weight is the very same in the former Case as in the latter. For when the Glass Bottle F is exhausted of Air, it will indeed require much more Weight to counterpoise it in the Air, than in the Water; by Reason of the much greater Weight of the Water thrust out by it, than of the Air; yet when upon the Admission of Water within, you weigh it again in the Air, and then in the Water, the additional Counterpoise now necessary is the very same; and shews that the real Weight of the Water admitted, is the same in both Elements. This Figure does also shew how Trials may be made to shew the respective Weight of those Bodies in Fluids that sink in them.
HYDROSTATICKS. 13
An Explication of the Second PLATE.
Figure 1. Is a large Glass Vessel A D full of Water as high as E F. Within this is a lesser Glass Vessel P H, open at both Ends, but somewhat narrower at the Bottom. Through the middle of this goes a strong Wire M N, to which is fixed at the lower End a Plate of Lead G H, with wet Leather to its upper Surface, to be applied to the large lower Orifice of the lesser Glass I K, to keep out the Water from entring into the same any otherwise than by a slow Insinuation. This is to shew that a Plate of Lead, or other Metal, may be supported by Water, and not sink in it, where the Water is kept from pressing on its upper Surface, so long as its Depth under the Water is greater than its Specifick Gravity requires; and that by Consequence while Water is gradually admitted over it, it will not sink till the perpendicular Height of the Column of Air between E F and R S bears no greater Proportion to the Thickness of the metalline Plate than the Specifick Gravity of the Metal bears to Water.
HYDROSTATICKS. 14
An Explication of the Third PLATE.
Figure 1. Is a Tube full of Water, with Two Holes E, F, for the Water to run out at, the one F four times as much below the Surface of the Water A B as the other; to shew that the Velocity and Quantity of Fluids that run out, are in only a subduplicate Proportion of the Altitude of the Fluids, or twice so much in a Fourfold Altitude. Not can it be otherwise: For twice the Quantity running out, with twice the Velocity, implies the Force or Pressure to be Fourfold, as the Fourfold Altitude requires; and so for ever.
HYDROSTATICKS.
A TABLE of the Specifick Gravities of several Solid and Fluid Bodies.
An Explication of the First PLATE.
Figure 1. Are several Torricellian Tubes or Barometers of different Shapes, Bores, and Positions; but where the perpendicular Altitude of the Quicksilver in the Tubes, above the Level of the Surface of that in the Bason, is ever the same, or between 28 and 31 inches high; which is the known Counterpoise between 32 and 36 Feet of Water; and to the entire Atmosphere in its several States and Elevations, where the Bases or the several Tubes are supposed equal.
PNEUMATICKS. 16
An Explication of the Second PLATE.
PNEUMATICKS. 17
An Explication of the Third PLATE.
PNEUMATICKS. 18
An Explication of the Fourth PLATE.
PNEUMATICKS. 19
An Explication of the Fifth PLATE.
PNEUMATICKS. 20
An Explication of the Sixth PLATE.
This Plate is in Reality but one compound Instrument or Apparatus, for trying the Electricity of Glass, and its Luminousness, when put into Motion, and rubb'd upon to heat it. Wherein B C is a Wheel, with its String A B C. D E is a Sphere of Glass, whose Air has been drawn out by the Air-Pump: This is turned round by the former Wheel-string at A. F is a Stopcock, whereby the Air is exhausted, and may be readmitted at Discretion.
Transcription note:
The original punctuation and ortography of the book have been faithfully preserved; words which are spelled variantly, or inconsistently capitalized have been left as such.
Likewise, the spelling of names like Galilaeo, Azout, Hugen, Guerick, has been retained.
The following typographical mistakes have been corrected, taking into account recurrences across the text:
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