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Read Ebook: Cussons' Horncastle Compendium 1837 by Cussons D
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CUSSONS' HORNCASTLE COMPENDIUM.
LINCOLNSHIRE.
On the north, Lincolnshire is bounded by the Humber, which separates it from Yorkshire: the German Ocean and an arm of the sea called the Wash, bound it on the East; on the South it abuts on Rutlandshire, Northamptonshire and Cambridgeshire, its general form is an irregular oblong. It is in the Province of Canterbury, the Diocese of Lincoln, and in the Midland Circuit.
Lincolnshire being proverbially a County of Fens, has obtained a name for an unhealthy climate, which, however, just it may have been in some parts in bygone times, is now by no means applicable; for the causes of the cold, damp and aguish character, have been for many years declining: the progress of drainage, and a more complete cultivation, have gradually contributed to render the air more dry, and consequently more healthy. This remark may be made relative to all districts, which become more salubrious in proportion as they are more cultivated; and more friendly to human life, in proportion as the means of supporting human life are increased in productiveness. The centre of the County and the district of the Trent is very healthy: the air on the coast is very salubrious, and numbers flock to it every summer in search of health and relaxation.
There are two ranges of very high land running though the greater part of the County from North to South: that in the East may be called mountainous and is called the Wolds; the Western range, on which stands the County Town, is called the Cliff; more westward still is a fine extent of rich pasture, along which the Trent passes.
Eastward of the Wolds lies also an extensive tract of fine feeding land, which is watered by overflowing springs; on boring the substratum of clay, fine spring water gushes up, and in most places will rise ten feet above the surface, if confined in a tube: these cheap artificial springs are general, and many hundreds are continually running, contributing greatly to the fertility and value of the land.
The fens form the most prominent feature of the County: where fully cultivated and completely drained their produce is incredible; but it is a subject of great regret, that no general system of drainage, including every district which can be made to communicant with the sea, has yet been effected: nothing short of one uniform and connected plan can be of full avail: and so many apparently rival interests are at stake, and so little real public spirit exists, notwithstanding that it is so much boasted of, that such an universal plan is more to be wished for than hoped for.
The soil of Lincolnshire is so various as to include all sorts of land that are to be found in the whole kingdom, and its management varies accordingly.
Rabbits have always been an article of great consideration and attention in the light soils of this County, and immense warrens are kept for the purpose of supplying London with the skins; this was once as profitable a stock as could be attended to; but latterly many warrens have been laid down to other put poses.
It is impossible to speak too highly of the cottage system of this county. Round Folkingham and other places, when inclosures took place, during the late war, by the acts of parliament, at least three acres of land were assigned to every cottage; this, of course includes a garden and keep for a cow: thus land, gardens, cows and pigs, are within reach of the labouring classes. On views of humanity and benevolence only it is gratifying to the considerate breast to see in comfortable circumstances that class of people on which all other classes depend.
Population of Lincolnshire.
Males Females Total 158,717 158,527 317,244
Of which the following shows the larger numbers.
Males Females Total Lincoln, City 5,644 6,199 11,843 Grantham, Borough, with the soke 5,216 5,564 10,780 Elloe, Wapentake 15,193 14,121 29,314 Kirton, Wapentake 7,469 7,308 14,777 Boston, Borough 5,094 6,146 11,240 Bolingbroke, soke 2,729 5,590 11,259 Bradley-Haverstoe, Wapentake 5,953 5,966 11,919 Calceworth, Hundred 5,118 5,148 10,266 Corringham, Wapentake 6,465 6,718 13,183 Louth Eske, Hundred 6,904 7,123 14,027 Manley, Wapentake 11,511 11,516 23,037 Yarborough, Wapentake 9,660 9,819 19,497
Representation of Lincolnshire.
FAIRS IN LINCOLNSHIRE.
Market-days are marked thus, M. Monday, Tu. Tuesday, &c.
FAIRS IN YORKSHIRE.
Aberford, last Mon. in April and May, first Mon. in Oct., first Mon. after Oct. 18, first Mon. after Nov. 2
Adwalton, Feb. 6, March 9, Easter Th. and every Th. fortnight after, till Michaelmas
Aldborough, September 4
Appletreewick, October 20, 27
Askrig, May 10, 17, first Thur. in June, October 28, 29
Astwick, Thur. before Whit Sun.
Barnsley, Wed. before Feb. 28, May 13, Oct. 11
Bawtry, Whit Thur., Nov. 22
Bedale, Easter Tu., Whit Tu., June 6, 7, July 5, 6, Oct. 11, 12, Dec. 13
Bentham, Jan. 25, June 22, Sat. in Easter week, October 25
Beverley, Thur. before Feb. 25, Holy Th., July 5, Nov. 5, principal markets for cattle Wed. before April 6, Wed. before May 12, Wed. before Sep. 14, Wed. after Dec. 25
Bingley, Jan. 25, Aug. 25, 26, 27
Black-Burton, Whit Monday
Bolton, June 28
Bradfield, June 17, Dec. 9
Boroughbridge, April 27, 28, June 22, 23, Oct. 23
Bradford, March 3, 4, June 17, 18, 19, Dec. 9, 10, 11
Brandsburton, May 14, Cattle Market every alternate Wed. commencing with the principal stallion show the nearest Wed. to April 8
Brawby, first Mon. after July 11
Bridlington, Monday before Whit Sunday, Oct. 21
Brumpton, November 12
Cawood, May 13, Sep. 23
Clapham, September 21
Coxwold, August 25
Dewsbury, Wed. before May 13, Wed. before October 11
Doncaster, Mon. before Feb. 14, April 6, Aug. 5, Nov. 26
Easingwold, July 5, Sep. 25
Fordingham, July 10, Oct. 2
Gargrave, Dec. 11, 29
Grinton, Good Fri. Dec. 21
Guisborough, last Tuesday in Mar. and April, third ditto in May, ditto in Aug., ditto in Sep., 2nd Tues. in Nov.
Guisburn, Easter Monday, 2nd & fourth Monday after, Saturday after the 4th Mon., 5th Monday after Easter, September 18, 19
Halifax, June 24
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