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Read Ebook: Monica: A Novel Volume 1 (of 3) by Everett Green Evelyn
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INTRODUCTION.
Pork making on the farm nearly a lost art--General merit of homemade pork--Acknowledgments.
Best time for killing--A home market for farm pork--Opportunities for profit--Farm census of live stock for a series of years.
Flesh forming rations--Corn as a fat producer--Just the quality of bacon wanted--Normandy Hogs.
Methods employed--Necessary apparatus--Heating water for scalding.
Saving the bristles--Scalding tubs and vats--Temperature for scalding--"Singeing pigs"--Methods of Singeing.
Best time for dressing--Opening the carcass--Various useful appliances--Hints on dressing--How to cut up a hog.
Portions classed as offal--Recipes and complete directions for utilizing the wholesome parts, aside from the principal pieces--Sausage, scrapple, jowls and head, brawn, head-cheese.
Kettle and steam rendered--Time required in making--Storing.
A clean barrel one of the first considerations--The use of salt on pork strips--Pickling by covering with brine--Renewing pork brine.
A first-class ham--A general cure for ham and shoulders--Pickling preparatory to smoking--Westphalian hams.
Proper proportion of salt to meat--Other preservatives--Applying the salt--Best distribution of the salt--Time required in curing--Pork for the south.
Treatment previous to smoking--Simple but effective smokehouses--Controlling the fire in smoke formation--Materials to produce best flavor--The choice of weather--Variety in smokehouses.
The ideal meat house--Best temperature and surroundings--Precautions against skippers--To exclude the bugs entirely.
Growth of the big packing houses--Average weight of live hogs--"Net to gross"--Relative weights of various portions of the carcass.
Descriptions of the leading cuts of meat known as the speculative commodities in the pork product--Mess pork, short ribs, shoulders and hams, English bacon, varieties of lard.
Importance of the foreign demand--Statistics of the trade--Receipts at leading points--Prices for a series of years--Co-operative curing houses in Denmark.
The immortal Charles Lamb on the art of roasting--An oriental luxury of luxuries.
Success in the kitchen--Prize methods of best cooks--Unapproachable list of especially prepared recipes--Roasts, pork pie, cooking bacon, pork and beans, serving chops and cutlets, use of spare ribs, the New England boiled dinner, ham and sausage, etc.
INTRODUCTION.
Hog killing and pork making on the farm have become almost lost arts in these days of mammoth packing establishments which handle such enormous numbers of swine at all seasons of the year. Yet the progressive farmer of to-day should not only provide his own fresh and cured pork for family use, but also should be able to supply at remunerative prices such persons in his neighborhood as appreciate the excellence and general merit of country or "homemade" pork product. This is true, also, though naturally in a less degree, of the townsman who fattens one or two pigs on the family kitchen slops, adding sufficient grain ration to finish off the pork for autumn slaughter.
The only popular book of the kind ever published, "Home Pork Making" furnishes in a plain manner just such detailed information as is needed to enable the farmer, feeder, or country butcher to successfully and economically slaughter his own hogs and cure his own pork. All stages of the work are fully presented, so that even without experience or special equipment any intelligent person can readily follow the instructions. Hints are given about finishing off hogs for bacon, hams, etc. Then, beginning with proper methods of slaughtering, the various processes are clearly presented, including every needful detail from the scalding vat to the kitchen baking dish and dining-room table.
The various chapters treat successively of the following, among other branches of the art of pork making: Possibilities of profit in home curing and marketing pork; finishing off hogs for bacon; class of rations best adapted, flesh and fat forming foods; best methods of slaughtering hogs, with necessary adjuncts for this preliminary work; scalding and scraping; the construction of vats; dressing the carcass; cooling and cutting up the meat; best disposition of the offal; the making of sausage and scrapple; success in producing a fine quality of lard and the proper care of it.
In completing this preface, descriptive of the various features of the book, the editor wishes to give credit to our friends who have added to its value through various contributions and courtesies. A considerable part of the chapters giving practical directions for cutting and curing pork are the results of the actual experience of B. W. Jones of Virginia; we desire also to give due credit to contributions by P. H. Hartwell, Rufus B. Martin, Henry Stewart and many other practical farmers; to Hately Brothers, leading packers at Chicago; North Packing and Provision Co. of Boston, and to a host of intelligent women on American farms, who, through their practical experience in the art of cooking, have furnished us with many admirable recipes for preparing and serving pork.
PORK MAKING ON THE FARM.
During the marvelous growth of the packing industry the past generation, methods of slaughtering and handling pork have undergone an entire revolution. In the days of our fathers, annual hog-killing time was as much an event in the family as the harvesting of grain. With the coming of good vigorous frosts and cold weather, reached in the Northern states usually in November, every farmer would kill one, two or more hogs for home consumption, and frequently a considerable number for distribution through regular market channels. Nowadays, however, the big pork packing establishments have brought things down to such a fine point, utilizing every part of the animal , that comparatively few hogs out of all the great number fattened are slaughtered and cut up on the farm.
Unquestionably there is room for considerable business of this character, and if properly conducted, with a thorough understanding, farmers can profitably convert some of their hogs into cured meats, lard, hams, bacon, sausage, etc., finding a good market at home and in villages and towns. Methods now in use are not greatly different from those followed years ago, although of course improvement is the order of the day, and some important changes have taken place, as will be seen in a study of our pages. A few fixtures and implements are necessary to properly cure and pack pork, but these may be simple, inexpensive and at the same time efficient. Such important portions of the work as the proper cutting of the throat, scalding, scraping, opening and cleaning the hog should be undertaken by someone not altogether a novice. And there is no reason why every farmer should not advantageously slaughter one or more hogs each year, supplying the family with the winter's requirements and have something left over to sell.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF PROFIT
in the intelligent curing and selling of homemade pork are suggested by the far too general custom of farmers buying their pork supplies at the stores. This custom is increasing, to say nothing of the very large number of townspeople who would be willing to buy home cured pork were it properly offered them. Probably it is not practicable that every farmer should butcher his own swine, but in nearly every neighborhood one or two farmers could do this and make good profits. The first to do so, the first to be known as having home cured pork to sell, and the first to make a reputation on it, will be the one to secure the most profit.
A TRAVELING PIGPEN.
FINISHING OFF HOGS FOR BACON.
The general subject of feeding and fattening hogs it is not necessary here to discuss. It will suffice to point out the advisability of using such rations as will finish off the swine in a manner best fitted to produce a
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