Read Ebook: The Historians' History of the World in Twenty-Five Volumes Volume 05 The Roman Republic by Williams Henry Smith Editor
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VOLUME V
ROME
PAGE
INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS
INTRODUCTION 25
LAND AND PEOPLE 43
The land of Italy, 44. Early population of Italy, 48. Beginnings of Rome and the primitive Roman commonwealth, 51.
EARLY LEGENDS OF ROME--AENEAS AND ROMULUS 58
The AEneas legend, 59. The Ascanius legend, 60. The legend of Romulus and Remus, 61. The rape of the Sabines, 63. A critical study of the legends, 66. Explanation of the AEneas legend, 69. The Romulus legend examined, 70.
LEGENDARY HISTORY OF THE KINGS 75
Numa Pompilius, 75. Tullus Hostilius, 76. The combat of the Horatii and the Curiatii, 77. Ancus Marcius, 79. L. Tarquinius Priscus, 80. Servius Tullius, 82. Lucius Tarquinius the Tyrant, 83.
THE BANISHMENT OF THE KINGS--CRITICISMS OF MONARCHIAL HISTORY 85
Tarquinius consults the oracle, 85. The rape of Lucretia, 86. Niebuhr on the story of Lucretia, 87. The banishment of Tarquinius, 88. Porsenna's war upon the Romans; the story of Horatius at the bridge, as told by Dionysius, 90. Caius Mucius and King Porsenna, 92. Battle of Lake Regillus, 93. The myths of the Roman kings critically examined, 95. The historical value of the myths, 100.
CIVILISATION OF THE REGAL PERIOD 103
Organisation of the state, 103. The status of the monarchy, 105. Religion, 107. Constitution, 107. The organisation of the army, 111. Classes of foot soldiers, 112. Popular institutions, 113. The wealth of the Romans and its sources, 115. Roman education, 117. Morals and politics of the age, 118. The fine arts, 119.
THE FIRST CENTURY OF THE REPUBLIC 121
Plebeians and patricians, 123. Spurius Cassius and the first Agrarian Law, 129. The institution of the decemvirate, 131. The story of Virginia told by Dionysius, 132. Fall of the decemvirate, 138. The Canuleian Law, 140. External wars, 142. Legends of the Volscian and AEquian wars, 145. Coriolanus and the Volscians, 145. Critical examination of the story of Coriolanus, 148. Cincinnatus and the AEquians, 149. Critical examination of the story of Cincinnatus, 151. The Fabian Gens and the Veientines, 152.
THE INVASION OF THE GAULS AND ITS SEQUEL 154
The Gauls, 155. Livy's account of the Gauls in Rome, 156. Other accounts of the departure of the Gauls, 165. Niebuhr on the conduct of the Romans, 166. Sequel of the Gallic War, 167. The Licinian rogations, 170. Equalisation of the two orders, 172. External affairs, 175.
THE CONQUEST OF CENTRAL ITALY 178
The Samnites, 178. The First Samnite War, 180. The Latin War, 183. The Second Samnite War, 186. The Third Samnite and Etruscan wars, 194. Lucanian, Gallic, and Etruscan wars, 199.
THE COMPLETION OF THE ITALIAN CONQUEST 201
Pyrrhus in Italy, 203. The final reduction of Italy, 209. Government of the acquired territory, 210. Prefectures; municipalities, 211. Colonies; free and confederate states, 212.
THE FIRST PUNIC WAR 215
Causes of the First Punic War, 217. The war begins, 219. First period, 219. Second period, 221. Polybius' account of Roman affairs, 224. Third period, 230. Events between the First and Second Punic wars, 233. Hamilcar and Hannibal, 237.
FIRST HALF OF THE SECOND PUNIC WAR 241
First period, 241. Polybius' account of the crossing of the Alps, 244. Hannibal in Italy, 249. Second period, 260.
CLOSE OF THE SECOND PUNIC WAR 269
Third period, 269. The death of Hasdrubal described by Polybius, 276. Rejoicing at Rome; Nero's inhumanity and triumph, 277. The fourth and last period of the war, 278. The character of Scipio, 278. Scipio in Spain, 279. Scipio returns to Rome, 283. Scipio invades Africa, 284. The battle of Zama described by Polybius, 287. Terms dictated to Carthage; Scipio's triumph, 292. An estimate of Hannibal, 294.
THE MACEDONIAN AND SYRIAC WARS AND THE THIRD PUNIC WAR 296
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