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Read Ebook: The French Revolution of 1789 as Viewed in the Light of Republican Institutions by Abbott John S C John Stevens Cabot
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Ebook has 2086 lines and 193915 words, and 42 pages
ORIGIN OF THE FRENCH MONARCHY.
THE HOUSES OF VALOIS AND BOURBON.
DESPOTISM AND ITS FRUITS.
THE BASTILLE.
THE COURT AND THE PARLIAMENT.
THE ASSEMBLY OF THE NOTABLES.
Measures of Brienne.--The Bed of Justice.--Remonstrance of Parliament. --Parliament Exiled.--Submission of Parliament.--Duke of Orleans. --Treasonable Plans of the Duke of Orleans.--Anxiety of the Queen. --The Diamond Necklace.--Monsieur, the King's Brother.--Bagatelle. --Desperation of Brienne.--Edict for abolishing the Parliaments. --Energy of the Court.--Arrest of D'Espr?m?nil and Goislard.--Tumults in Grenoble.--Terrific Hail-storm 67
THE APPEAL TO THE PEOPLE.
Recall of Necker.--Reassembling the Notables.--Pamphlet of the Abb? Si?yes.--Vote of the King's Brother.--His supposed Motive.--The Basis of Representation.--Arrangements for the Meeting of the States. --Statement of Grievances.--Mirabeau; his Menace.--Sympathy of the Curates with the People.--Remonstrance of the Nobles.--First Riot. --Meeting of the States-General.--New Effort of the privileged Classes 77
ASSEMBLING OF THE STATES-GENERAL.
Opening of the States-General.--Sermon of the Bishop of Nancy.--Insult to the Deputies of the People.--Aspect of Mirabeau.--Boldness of the Third Estate.--Journal of Mirabeau.--Commencement of the Conflict.--First Appearance of Robespierre.--Decided Stand taken by the Commons.--Views of the Curates.--Dismay of the Nobles.--Excitement in Paris.--The National Assembly.--The Oath 85
THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.
First Acts of the Assembly.--Confusion of the Court.--Hall of the Assembly closed.--Adjournment to the Tennis-court.--Cabinet Councils. --Despotic Measures.--The Tennis-court closed.--Exultation of the Court. --Union with the Clergy.--Peril of the Assembly.--The Royal Sitting. --Speech of the King 92
REVOLUTIONARY MEASURES.
Speech of Mirabeau.--Approach of the Soldiers and Peril of the Assembly. --Elation of the Queen.--Triumph of Necker.--Embarrassment of the Bishops and the Nobles.--Letter of the King.--The Bishops and Nobles join the Assembly.--Desperate Resolve of the Nobles.--The Troops sympathizing with the People 99
THE TUMULT IN PARIS.
Marshal Broglie.--Gatherings at the Palais Royal.--Disaffection of the Soldiers.--Imprisonment and Rescue.--Fraternization.--Petition to the Assembly.--Wishes of the Patriots.--Movement of the Troops.--Speech of Mirabeau.--New Menaces.--Declaration of Rights.--Dismissal of Necker. --Commotion in Paris.--Camille Desmoulins.--The French Guards join the People.--Terror in Paris.--Character of the King 103
STORMING THE BASTILLE.
The Assembly petitions the King.--Resolves of the Assembly.--Narrative of M. Dumont.--Scenes in Paris.--The People organize for Self-defense. --The new Cockade.--The Abb? Lefebvre d'Ormesson.--Treachery of the Mayor, Flesselles.--Character of De Launey, Governor of the Bastille. --Sacking the Invalides.--The Bastille Assailed.--Assassination of De Launey and of Flesselles 112
THE KING RECOGNIZES THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.
Rout of the Cavalry of Lambesc.--Tidings of the Capture of the Bastille reach Versailles.--Consternation of the Court.--Midnight Interview between the Duke of Liancourt and the King.--New Delegation from the Assembly.--The King visits the Assembly.--The King escorted back to his Palace.--Fickleness of the Monarch.--Deputation sent to the H?tel de Ville.--Address of La Fayette.--La Fayette appointed Commander of the National Guard 122
THE KING VISITS PARIS.
Views of the Patriots.--Pardon of the French Guards.--Religious Ceremonies.--Recall of Necker.--The King visits Paris.--Action of the Clergy.--The King at the H?tel de Ville.--Return of the King to Versailles.--Count d'Artois, the Polignacs, and others leave France. --Insolence of the Servants.--Sufferings of the People.--Persecution of the Corn-dealers.--Berthier of Toulon.--M. Foulon.--Their Assassination. --Humane Attempts of Necker.--Abolition of Feudal Rights 127
FORMING THE CONSTITUTION.
Arming of the Peasants.--Destruction of Feudal Charters.--Sermon of the Abb? Fauchet.--Three Classes in the Assembly.--Declaration of Rights. --The Three Assemblies.--The Power of the Press.--Efforts of William Pitt to sustain the Nobles.--Questions on the Constitution.--Two Chambers in one?--The Veto.--Famine in the City.--The King's Plate melted.--The Tax of a Quarter of each one's Income.--Statement of Jefferson 141
THE ROYAL FAMILY CARRIED TO PARIS.
Waning Popularity of La Fayette.--The King contemplates Flight.--Letter of Admiral d'Estaing.--The Flanders Regiment called to Versailles.--F?te in the Ball-room at Versailles.--Insurrection of the Women; their March to Versailles.--Horrors of the Night of October 5th.--The Royal Family conveyed to Paris 155
FRANCE REGENERATED.
Kind Feelings of the People.--Emigration receives a new Impulse.--The National Assembly transferred to Paris.--The Constituent Assembly. --Assassination of Fran?ois.--Anxiety of the Patriots.--Gloomy Winter. --Contrast between the Bishops and the laboring Clergy.--Church Funds seized by the Assembly.--The Church responsible for the Degradation of the People.--New Division of France.--The Right of Suffrage.--The Guillotine.--Rabaud de St. Etienne 165
THE KING ACCEPTS THE CONSTITUTION.
The King visits the Assembly.--His Speech.--The Priests rouse the Populace.--The King's Salary.--Petition of Talma.--Views of Napoleon. --Condemnation and Execution of the Marquis of Favrus.--Spirit of the New Constitution.--National Jubilee.--The Queen sympathizes with the Popular Movement.--Writings of Edmund Burke 175
FLIGHT OF THE KING.
Riot at Nancy.--Prosecution of Mirabeau.--Issue of Assignats.--Mirabeau's Interview with the Queen.--Four political Parties.--Bishops refuse to take the Oath to the Constitution.--Character of the Emigrants.--The King's Aunts attempt to leave France.--Debates upon Emigration. --Embarrassment of the Assembly.--Death of Mirabeau.--His Funeral. --The King prevented from visiting St. Cloud.--Duplicity of the King. --Conference of the Allies.--Their Plan of Invasion.--Measures for the Escape of the King.--The Flight 188
ARREST OF THE ROYAL FUGITIVES.
Arrival at Varennes.--The Party arrested.--Personal Appearance of the King.--The Guards fraternize with the People.--Indignation of the Crowd. --The Captives compelled to return to Paris.--Dismay of M. de Bouill?. --Excitement in Paris.--The Mob ransack the Tuileries.--Acts of the Assembly.--Decisive Action of La Fayette.--Proclamation of the King. --The Jacobin Club.--Unanimity of France 200
RETURN OF THE ROYAL FAMILY FROM VARENNES.
Proclamation of Marat.--Three Commissioners sent to meet the King. --Address to the Nation from the Assembly.--The slow and painful Return. --Conversation between Barnave and the Queen.--Brutality of P?tion. --Sufferings of the Royal Family.--Reception of the King in Paris. --Conduct of the Queen.--Noble Avowal of La Fayette.--Statement of the King.--Menace of Bouill? 214
COMMOTION IN PARIS.
The Remains of Voltaire removed to the Pantheon.--Decision of the Assembly on the Flight of the King.--Thomas Paine.--Views of the Constitutional Monarchists.--Message from La Fayette to the King of Austria.--The Jacobins summon the Populace to the Field of Mars.--Mandate of the Jacobins.--The Crowd on the Field of Mars dispersed by the Military.--Completion of the Constitution.--Remarkable Conversation of Napoleon.--The King formally accepts the Constitution.--Great, but transient, Popularity of the Royal Family 222
THE APPROACH OF WAR.
Sentiments of the King and Queen upon the Constitution.--The Legislative Assembly.--Its democratic Spirit.--The King's Speech.--Painful Scene. --The Queen plans Escape.--Riot in the Theatre.--Infatuation of the Aristocrats.--Insult to the Duke of Orleans.--Embarrassment of the Allies.--Replies to the King from the European Powers.--The Emigrants at Coblentz.--The King's Veto.--Letters of the King to his Brothers.--Their Replies.--Cruel Edicts.--P?tion chosen Mayor.--The King visits the Assembly.--Rise of the Republican Party 236
AGITATION IN PARIS, AND COMMENCEMENT OF HOSTILITIES.
Death of Leopold.--Assassination of Gustavus.--Interview between Dumouriez and the Queen.--Discussion in the Assembly.--The Duke of Brunswick.--Interview of Barnave with the Queen.--Interview between Dumouriez and the King.--Dismissal of M. Roland.--The Palace invaded. --Fortitude of the King.--P?tion, the Mayor.--Affecting Interview of the Royal Family.--Remarks of Napoleon 246
THE THRONE ASSAILED.
Angry Interview between the King and the Mayor.--Decisive Action of La Fayette.--Expectations of the Queen.--Movement of the Prussian Army. --Efforts of the Priests.--Secret Committee of Royalists.--Terror in the Palace.--The Queen's View of the King's Character.--Parties in France.--Energetic Action of the Assembly.--Speech of Vergniaud 262
THE THRONE DEMOLISHED.
The Country proclaimed in Danger.--Plan of La Fayette for the Safety of the Royal Family.--Measures of the Court.--Celebration of the Demolition of the Bastille.--Movement of the Allied Army.--Conflicting Plans of the People.--Letter of the Girondists to the King.--Manifesto of the Duke of Brunswick.--Unpopularity of La Fayette.--The Attack upon the Tuileries, Aug. 10th.--The Royal Family take Refuge in the Assembly 271
THE ROYAL FAMILY IMPRISONED.
Tumult and Dismay in the Assembly.--Storming the Tuileries.--Aspect of the Royal Family.--The Decree of Suspension.--Night in the Cloister. --The second Day in the Assembly.--The Royal Family Prisoners.--Third Day in the Assembly.--The Temple.--The Royal Family transferred to the Temple 286
THE MASSACRE OF THE ROYALISTS.
THE KING LED TO TRIAL.
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