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Read Ebook: Buffalo Bill's Still Hunt; Or The Robber of the Range by Ingraham Prentiss
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National Archives Archives Nationales of Canada du Canada
THE STAMPS OF CANADA
Beautiful 1912 Salvador Set
Above 5p not priced in Scott's
Oficial, 1911, Set 1c to 1 peso complete, Scott's Nos. 676 to 685 1.48
Nos. 810 to 814 Postage Due, Gob. $ .75
Nos. 815 to 819 Postage Due, Carranza .75
Nos. 820 to 824 Postage Due, Villa 1.50
U. S. No. 330, 10c on bluish, mint perf'n 6.75
C. E. HUSSMAN, Pres. COLUMBIA SUPPLY CO., ST. LOUIS, MO.
NEW
UNITED STATES LOOSE LEAF ALBUM
This Album is the only practical and feasible Loose Leaf Book on the market today.
We have put this Album up in five sections so a collector is able to purchase such branches as he desires at a comparatively low cost. It is 9 inches long and 7-1/2 inches wide, very handy; there is but one set of stamps to a page artistically laid out. Spaces have been provided for imperforate and part perforate pairs and the beauty of all; it is right up to the minute. What is more we will add new leaves each year with spaces for the latest stamps and if you are an owner of one of our Albums, latest sheets will be promptly sent you when issued.
After you have transferred your stamps into this Album you cannot help realizing the great advantage in a practical up-to-date Album.
Specimen pages and complete Prospectus cheerfully mailed on request. Postfree
UNITED STAMP CO., 1151 Marquette Bldg., CHICAGO.
including shades, blocks, etc. , U. S. or any other country. Our free PINK LIST describes fully 400 selections ready to be submitted on approval to responsible collectors.
This ad is good for 5 years or more.
J. M. BARTELS CO. 99 Nassau Street, NEW YORK
EUGENE KLEIN
Counterfeit Detector of the American Philatelic Society.
Member of the Juries of the Chicago 1911 and New York 1913 International Philatelic Exhibitions.
Honorary Member of the New York Stamp Society.
Life Member of the Societe Francaise de Timbrologie, Paris, and the Junior Philatelic Society, London.
I am prepared to examine stamps and give expert opinion for the following charges:
Unsurcharged stamps 10c each.
Overprints, stamps requiring plating and cancellations, 30c each.
Minimum charge 50 cents.
Postage and registration extra.
EUGENE KLEIN 1318 Chestnut St., Philadelphia
THE POSTAGE STAMPS OF CANADA
SEVERN-WYLIE-JEWETT CO.
HANDBOOK No. 20
Price 25 Cents
PUBLISHED BY
SEVERN-WYLIE-JEWETT CO.
BOSTON, MASS.
INDEX
Page
Introduction 3
THE POSTAGE STAMPS OF CANADA.
INTRODUCTION.
Canada was originally the French colony of New France, which comprised the range of territory as far west as the Mississippi, including the Great Lakes. After the war of independence it was confined to what are now the provinces of Quebec and Ontario--then known as Upper and Lower Canada. At the confederation it included only these two provinces, with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia; and since then it has been extended by purchase , by accession of other provinces , and by imperial order in council , until it includes all the north American continent north of United States territory, with the exception of Alaska and a strip of the Labrador coast administered by Newfoundland, which still remains outside the Dominion of Canada. On the Atlantic the chief indentations which break its shores are the Bay of Fundy , the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and Hudson Bay ; and the Pacific coast, which is small relatively, is remarkably broken up by fjord-like indentations. Off the coast are many islands, some of them of considerable magnitude,--Prince Edward Is., Cape Breton Is., and Anticosti being the most considerable on the Atlantic side, Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Is. on the Pacific; and in the extreme north is the immense Arctic archipelago, bound in perpetual ice.
The surface of the country east of the great lakes is diversified, but characterised by no outstanding features. Two ranges of hills skirt the St. Lawrence--that on the north, the Laurentians, stretching 3,500 miles from Lake Superior to the Atlantic, while the southern range culminates in the bold capes and cliffs of Gasp?. The St. Lawrence and its tributaries form the dominating physical feature in this section, the other rivers being the St. John, the Miramichi, and the Restigouche in New Brunswick. Eastern Canada is practically the Canadian part of the St. Lawrence valley, , and the great physical feature is the system of lakes with an area of 90,000 square miles. In addition to the tributaries of the St. Lawrence already mentioned, the Dominion boasts the Fraser, the Thompson, and the greater part of the Columbia River in British Columbia; the Athabasca and Peace Rivers, which flow into Lake Athabasca, and out of it as the Slave River, which in its turn issues from the Great Slave Lake and flows into the Arctic Ocean as the Mackenzie River ; the Albany and the Churchill, flowing into Hudson Bay, and the Nelson, which discharges from Lake Winnipeg into Hudson Bay the united waters of the Assiniboine, the Saskatchewan, the Red River and the Winnipeg.
West of the Great Lakes the scenery is less varied. From the lakes to the Rockies stretches a vast level plain of a prairie character, slowly rising from 800 feet at the east end to 3,000 feet at the foothills of the Rockies.
The eastern and western portions of the Dominion are heavily wooded, and comparatively little inroad has been made on the forest wealth of the country. It is estimated that there are 1,200,000 square miles of woodland and forest, chiefly spruce and pine, including about a hundred varieties; consequently the industries connected with the forest are of great importance, especially since the development of the pulp industry. The central prairie plain is almost devoid of forest. Agriculture is the dominant industry in Canada, not only in the great fertile plains of the centre, but also on the lands which have been cleared of forest and settled in other parts of the Dominion.
The Canadian climate is cold in winter and warm in summer, but healthy all the year round. With all its extremes of cold it permits of the cultivation in the open air of grapes, peaches, tobacco, tomatoes, and corn. The snow is an essential condition of the prosperity of the timber industry, the means of transport in winter, the protector of the soil from frost, and the source of endless enjoyment in outdoor sports.
The Indian people, numbering a little over 108,000 in 1902, are scattered throughout the Dominion. They are usually located on reserves, where efforts, not very successful, are made to interest them in agriculture and industry. Many of them still follow their ancestral occupations of hunting and fishing, and they are much sought after as guides in the sporting centres. The Dominion government exercises a good deal of parental care over them and for them; but the race is stationary, if not declining.
The constitution of Canada is of a federal character, midway between the British and United States constitutions. The federated provinces retain their local legislatures. The Federal Parliament closely follows the British model, and the cabinet is responsible to the House of Commons. The members of the Senate are appointed by the governor-general in council, and retain their seats for life, and each group of provinces is entitled to so many senators. The numbers of the commons vary according to the population. The local legislatures generally consist of one house, though Quebec and Nova Scotia still retain their upper houses. The Federal Parliament is quinquennial, the local legislatures quadrennial. The lieutenant-governors of the provinces are appointed by the governor-general in council. The governor-general has a right to disallow or reserve bills for imperial consent; but the veto is seldom exercised, though the imperial authorities practically disallowed temporarily the preferential clauses of 1897. The Constitution of Canada can be altered only by Imperial Parliament, but for all practical purposes Canada has complete self-government.
In 1534, Jacques Cartier landed on the Gasp? coast of Quebec, of which he took possession in the name of Francis I, King of France. But nothing was done towards permanent occupation and settlement until 1608, when Samuel de Champlain, who had visited the country in 1603 and 1604, founded the city of Quebec. Meantime French settlements were made in what is now the maritime provinces, but known to the French as Acadia. France claimed, as a result of this settlement, exclusive control of the whole immense region from Acadia west to Lake Superior, and down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. But the control of this region was not uncontested. England claimed it by right of prior discovery, based mainly on the discovery of Newfoundland in 1497 by John Cabot.
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