Read Ebook: Astronomy in a nutshell by Serviss Garrett Putman

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Ebook has 360 lines and 55610 words, and 8 pages

PART I--THE CELESTIAL SPHERE.

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PART II--THE EARTH.

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Nature, Shape, and Size of the Earth--The Polar 67-123 Compression and Equatorial Protuberance, and their Cause--The Attraction of Gravitation--The Mass of the Earth: how Found--How the Earth Holds the Moon, and the Sun the Planets--The Tides--How the Moon and Sun Produce Tides--Spring Tides and Neap Tides--The Atmosphere--The Law and Effects of Refraction--Dip of the Horizon--The Aberration of Light--Time: how Measured--Sidereal, Apparent Solar, and Mean Solar Time--The Clock and the Sun--Day and Night--Where the Days Begin--The Seasons--Effects of the Varying Declination of the Sun--Polar and Equatorial Day and Night--The Tropics and the Polar Circles--Inequality of Length of the Seasons--When the Seasons in the Two Hemispheres will be Reversed--The Calendar, the Year, and the Month--Reformations of the Calendar--Different Measures of the Month

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The Sun--Distance, Size, and Condition of the 127-215 Sun--Temperature of the Sun--Solar Heat on the Earth, and its Mechanical Equivalent--Peculiar Rotation of the Sun--Sun-spots, their Appearance and Probable Cause--Faculae--The Photosphere--Solar Prominences--Explosive Prominences--The Solar Corona--Parallax, and the Measure of Distances--Spectroscopic Analysis--How the Elements in the Sun Reveal their Presence--List of the Principal Solar Elements--The Moon--Origin of the Moon--Appearance of its Surface--Gravity on the Moon--The Phases of the Moon--Causes of the Absence of a Lunar Atmosphere--Eclipses--How the Moon Causes Eclipses of the Sun--The Laws Governing Eclipses--The Shadow during a Solar Eclipse--Eclipses of the Moon--Number of Eclipses in a Year--The Saros--The Planets--Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion--Mercury--Venus--Mars, and its So-called Canals--Theories about Mars--Jupiter, its Belts and its Satellites--The "Great Red Spot"--Saturn, its Rings and its Satellites--Composition of the Rings--Uranus and Neptune--Comets, and the Laws of their Motion--Composition of Comets--The Pressure of Light and its Connection with Comets' Tails--Breaking up of Comets--Meteors and their Relations to Comets--The November Meteors and Other Celebrated Showers--Meteorites or Bolides which Fall upon the Earth--The Question of their Origin

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Division of the Stars into Magnitudes--Division of 219-257 the Stars according to their Spectra--Stars Larger and Smaller than the Sun--The Distances of the Stars--Variable Stars--Double and Binary Stars--Spectroscopic Binaries and how they are Discovered--Proper Motions of the Stars--Number of the Stars--New, or Temporary Stars--The Milky Way--The Nebulae--The Two Kinds of Nebulae--Spiral Nebulae--The Nebular Hypothesis--Applications of Photography to Stars and Nebulae--The Constellations--How to Learn the Constellations--Their Antiquity--Description of the Principal Constellations Visible from the Northern Hemisphere at Various Times of the Year

INDEX 259

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PHOTOGRAPH OF SOUTH POLAR 8 REGION OF THE MOON

THE MOON NEAR THE "CRATER" 20 TYCHO

DRAWING OF JUPITER 28

DRAWING OF JUPITER 28

JUPITER 38

SATURN 46

SATURN 46

THE MILKY WAY ABOUT CHI CYGNI 58

THE GREAT SOUTHERN 64 STAR-CLUSTER IN CENTAURI

PHOTOGRAPH OF A GROUP OF 76 SUN-SPOTS

POLAR STREAMERS OF THE SUN, 89 ECLIPSE OF 1889

SOLAR CORONA AT THE ECLIPSE OF 89 1871

MOREHOUSE'S COMET, OCTOBER 15, 96 1908

MOREHOUSE'S COMET, NOVEMBER 96 15, 1908

HEAD OF THE GREAT COMET OF 105 1861

HALLEY'S COMET, MAY 5, 1910 105

SPIRAL NEBULA IN URSA MAJOR

THE WHIRLPOOL NEBULA IN CANES 124 VENATICI

TRESS NEBULA 132 IN CYGNUS

THE GREAT ANDROMEDA NEBULA 140

SPIRAL NEBULA IN CEPHEUS

NEBULOUS GROUNDWORK IN TAURUS 154

NEBULA IN SAGITTARIUS 162

THE GREAT NEBULA IN ORION 180

PHOTOGRAPHS OF MARS 200

SCHIAPARRELLI'S CHART OF 220 MARTIAN "CANALS"

THE RATIONAL AND THE SENSIBLE 12 HORIZON

ALTITUDE AND AZIMUTH 14

RIGHT ASCENSION AND 35 DECLINATION

THE ECLIPTIC AND CELESTIAL 51 LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

HOW THE EARTH CONTROLS THE 75 MOON

THE TIDAL FORCE OF THE MOON 79

REFRACTION 85

DIP OF THE HORIZON 87

SIDEREAL AND SOLAR TIME 93

THE CHANGE OF DAY 101

THE SEASONS 107

PARALLAX OF THE MOON 139

PARALLAX OF THE SUN FROM 141 TRANSIT OF VENUS

SPECTRUM ANALYSIS 147

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