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EDITOR'S PREFATORY NOTE
THE EVOLUTION OF PHYSICS
Revolutionary change in modern Physics only apparent: evolution not revolution the rule in Physical Theory-- Revival of metaphysical speculation and influence of Descartes: all phenomena reduced to matter and movement-- Modern physicists challenge this: physical, unlike mechanical, phenomena seldom reversible--Two schools, one considering experimental laws imperative, the other merely studying relations of magnitudes: both teach something of truth--Third or eclectic school-- Is mechanics a branch of electrical science?
MEASUREMENTS
? 1. Metrology: Lord Kelvin's view of its necessity-- Its definition
? 2. The Measure of Length: Necessity for unit-- Absolute length--History of Standard--Description of Standard Metre--Unit of wave-lengths preferable--The International Metre
? 3. The Measure of Mass: Distinction between mass and weight--Objections to legal kilogramme and its precision--Possible improvement
? 4. The Measure of Time: Unit of time the second--Alternative units proposed--Improvements in chronometry and invar
? 5. The Measure of Temperature: Fundamental and derived units--Ordinary unit of temperature purely arbitrary--Absolute unit mass of H at pressure of 1 m. of Hg at 0? C.--Divergence of thermometric and thermodynamic scales--Helium thermometer for low, thermo-electric couple for high, temperatures--Lummer and Pringsheim's improvements in thermometry.
? 6. Derived Units and Measure of Energy: Importance of erg as unit--Calorimeter usual means of determination--Photometric units.
? 7. Measure of Physical Constants: Constant of gravitation--Discoveries of Cavendish, Vernon Boys, E?tv?s, Richarz and Krigar-Menzel--Michelson's improvements on Fizeau and Foucault's experiments-- Measure of speed of light.
PRINCIPLES
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