: Woman's Institute Library of Cookery. Volume 2: Milk Butter and Cheese; Eggs; Vegetables by Woman S Institute Of Domestic Arts And Sciences - Cooking American Cookbooks and Cooking

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MILK, BUTTER, AND CHEESE Milk in the Diet Composition of Milk Products Obtained from Milk Characteristics of Wholesome Milk Grades of Clean Milk Preserved Milk Milk in the Home Recipes for Milk Dishes and Sauces Economical Use of Butter Flavor and Composition of Butter Purchase and Care of Butter Cooking With Butter Serving Butter Butter Substitutes Characteristics and Care of Cheese Imported Cheese Domestic Cheese Serving Cheese Recipes for Cheese Dishes Luncheon Menu

EGGS Description of Eggs and Place in the Diet Nutritive Value of Eggs Selection of Eggs Preservation of Eggs Cooking of Eggs Serving of Eggs Egg Recipes Use of Left-Over Eggs Breakfast Menu

VEGETABLES Variety in Vegetables Structure, Composition, and Food Value Purchase and Care of Vegetables Classification of Vegetables Methods of Preparing and Cooking Vegetables Sauces for Vegetables Asparagus and Its Preparation Beans and Their Preparation Beets and Their Preparation Brussels Sprouts and Their Preparation Cabbage and Its Preparation Carrots and Their Preparation Cauliflower and Its Preparation Celery and Its Preparation Corn and Its Preparation Cucumbers and Their Preparation Eggplant and Its Preparation French Artichokes and Their Preparation Greens and Their Preparation Jerusalem Artichokes and Their Preparation Kohlrabi and Its Preparation Lentils and Their Preparation Mushrooms and Their Preparation Okra and Its Preparation Onions and Their Preparation Parsnips and Their Preparation Peas and Their Preparation Peppers and Their Preparation White Potatoes and Their Preparation Sweet Potatoes and Their Preparation Radishes and Their Preparation Salsify and Its Preparation Squash and Its Preparation Tomatoes and Their Preparation Turnips and Their Preparation Vegetable Combinations Serving Vegetables

MILK, BUTTER, AND CHEESE

MILK IN THE DIET

Milk is used to such a great extent because it fills many of the requirements of an ideal food. It is generally liked, requires little or no time for preparation, agrees with the majority of persons when used properly, and contains substances that supply energy and build and repair tissue. Still, it does not contain these substances in such proportions as to make it an ideal or exclusive article of diet for adults, and it must often be modified to suit the needs of infants, because it is ideal for only the young of the species for which it is intended. Therefore, while milk is often called a perfect food, in reality it is perfect for only the calf. When it is desired for the feeding of a very young child, it must be changed to meet the requirements before it can be used with good results.

When there is no law to prevent it, unclean milk is sometimes used in the manufacture of butter and cheese, but when this happens, great injustice, if not positive harm, is done to the consumers of these articles. Then, too, unless milk is carefully inspected, tubercular milk is liable to be used in the making of butter, and such a condition will cause the spreading of tuberculosis as readily as the use of the contaminated milk itself.

COMPOSITION OF MILK

In considering the food substances of milk, it will be well to note also that they vary according to the breed, feeding, and individual characteristics of the cow. Jerseys and Guernseys give milk rich in fat and total solids, and while Holstein cows give a greater quantity of milk, such milk has a smaller proportion of fat and total solids. As a rule, though, the composition of milk may be considered as approximately 3.3 per cent. protein, 4 per cent. fat, 5 per cent. carbohydrate, and .7 per cent. mineral matter, making a total of 13 per cent. This indicates the quantity of actual food material in milk, the remainder, or 87 per cent., being water.

PRODUCTS OBTAINED FROM MILK

CHARACTERISTICS OF WHOLESOME MILK

While the composition of milk has much to do with the quality of this food, it varies, as should be noted, in different breeds and even in individual cows, depending on both the food and the care given to them. For this reason, milk that is mixed is preferable to the milk of a single cow, as the mixing of the milk of a number of cows insures a better average composition.

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