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The Outpost (Prus novel)The Outpost (Polish title: Plac�wka) was the first of four major novels by the Polish writer Boles?aw Prus. The author, writing in a Poland that had been partitioned a century earlier by Russia, Prussia and Austria, sought to bring attention to the plight of rural Poland, which had to contend with poverty, ignorance, neglect by the country's upper crust, and colonization by German settlers backed by Otto von Bismarck's German government.

Plot
Cover of The Outpost, by Boles?aw Prus, published by Gebethner & Wolff Gebethner i Wolff [pl]
The Outpost is a study of rural Poland under the country's foreign partitions. Its principal character, a peasant surnamed ?limak ("Snail", in Polish), typifies his village's inhabitants, nearly all illiterate; there is no school under Russian imperial rule. Religion is naively superficial: when a villager, Orzechowski, buys an engraving of Leda and the Swan for a mere three roubles at the landowner's moving-out sale, he prays before it with his family, much as other villagers venerate old portraits of noblemen who had been benefactors of the local church.

Changes are, however, coming to the area. A railway line is being built nearby. The owners of a local manor house sell their estate to German settlers
. Polish landowners, who speak more French than Polish, are happy to take the money and move to a city or abroad, away from the boring countryside. ?limak's farm becomes an isolated Polish outpost in an increasingly German-settled neighborhood.

?limak suffers a series of adversities as he refuses to sell his plot of land to German settlers (who are described not unsympathetically). The stubborn, conservative peasant is not acting from self-interest, since the money he would have gotten could have bought a better farm elsewhere; he is, rather, acting from inertia and from a principle inculcated in him by his father and grandfather: that when a peasant loses his hereditary plot, he faces the greatest of misfortunes�becoming a mere wage-earner.

Still, ?limak lacks his wife's strength of will; he hesitates. But on her deathbed she makes him swear that he will never sell their land.

The book's somber picture is relieved by the author's humour and warmth. The local Catholic priest, habitu� of dinners and hunting parties at local manors, is not entirely devoid of Christian virtues. Two of the village's humbler denizens turn out to be exemplars of selflessness. ?limak's half-wit farm hand, on finding an abandoned baby, takes it home to care for it. After Mrs. ?limak dies and the widower's farm burns down, he is befriended by a poor, empathetic Jewish peddler who comes to his aid and, in the manner of a deus ex machina, saves the day and the farm.

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