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CHAP. PAGE
FIGURE PAGE
The photographs of the pot experiments are by Mr Lionel Armstrong.
INTRODUCTION
It is not desirable to work through a chapter in one lesson. Children unaccustomed to make experiments or to see experiments done, will probably require three or four lessons for getting through each of the first few chapters, and two or three lessons for each of the others.
A supply of sand, of clay, and of lime will be wanted, but it is not necessary to have fresh material for each lesson. The sand may be obtained from a builder, a sand pit, the sea shore or from a dealer in chemical apparatus. The clay may be obtained from a brick yard; it gives most satisfactory results after it has been ground ready for brick making. Modelling clay is equally satisfactory. A supply of rain water is desirable.
For a class of twelve children working in pairs at the experiments the following apparatus is wanted for the whole course:--
Six tripods and bunsen burners or spirit lamps twelve pipe-clay triangles twelve crucibles or tin lids sixteen gas jars twelve beakers 250 c.c. capacity two beakers 500 c.c. two beakers 100 c.c. six egg-cups twelve funnels six funnel stands six perforated glass disks two tubulated bottles 500 c.c., four corks to fit cork borers 4 lbs. assorted glass tubing pestle and mortar twelve Erlenmeyer flasks 50 c.c. six saucers twelve flatbottomed flasks 100 c.c., six fitted with India rubber stoppers bored with one hole , and six with ordinary corks box as in Fig. 13 six glass tubes 1/2" diameter, 18" long six lamp chimneys six test tubes, corks to fit three thermometers soil sampler balance and weights two retort stands with rings and clamp.
The figures given in square brackets are the quantities that suffice when the teacher alone does the experiments, it not being convenient for the scholars to do much.
In conclusion the author desires to tender his best thanks to the Rev. Cecil Grant of St George's School, and to Mr W. J. Ashby of the Wye School, for having allowed him the use of their schools and appliances during the progress of these lessons. Especially are his thanks due to Mr Lionel Armstrong for much help ungrudgingly rendered in collecting material, taking photographs, and supervising the experiments.
E. J. R.
HARPENDEN, February, 1911.
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